List of wars involving Ethiopia

This is a list of wars involving the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (modern-day Ethiopia) and its predecessor states.

Ethiopian Empire (1270–1975)

See also: Ethiopian Empire
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Conquests of Amda Seyon I (1316–1332) Ethiopia Victories
Badley ad-Din II's Invasion of Ethiopia
(1445) 		Ethiopian Empire Adal Sultanate Victory
Abyssinian–Adal War
(1529–1543) 		Ethiopian Empire
Portuguese Empire Portuguese Empire (1541–43) 		Adal Sultanate
Ottoman Empire (1542–43) 		Stalemate
Ottoman–Ethiopian War (1557–1589) Ethiopian Empire Ethiopian Empire Ottoman Empire

Medri Bahri
Adal Sultanate

Victory
Iyasu II's Invasion of Sennar
(1738) 		Ethiopia Sennar
Supported by:
Darfur 		Defeat
  • Iyasu II's army defeated
  • Several of the Ethiopian Emperor's valuables lost
Zemene Mesafint
(1769–1855) 		Various factions Various factions Reunification of Ethiopia
Ottoman–Ethiopian border conflicts
(1832–1848) 		Ethiopian Empire Ottoman Empire Victory
British Expedition to Abyssinia
(1867–1868) 		Ethiopian Empire  United Kingdom Defeat
Ethiopian–Egyptian War
(1874–1876) 		 Ethiopia Egyptian Empire Victory
  • Egyptian Khedive defeated
  • Collapse of Egyptian Khedivate
Mahdist War
(1881–1889)

Mahdist State

Victory
Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889 Ethiopian Empire Kingdom of Italy Compromise[22]
Menelik's Expansions

(Late 19th century)

Armed by:

Various polities (see List of polities involved)

Victories
First Italo-Ethiopian War (1896) Ethiopian Empire Kingdom of Italy Victory
  • Ethiopia retains independence
  • Italians defeated
Dervish War
(1900–1920)
and (1914-1915) 		Dervish movement
Supported by:
[25][26]
German Empire[27] 		Ethiopian allied victory
  • Collapse of the Dervish State
Second Italo-Ethiopian War
(1935–1937) 		 Ethiopia  Italy Defeat
East African Campaign
(1940–1941)
British Empire
Ethiopian Empire Ethiopian Arbegnoch
Belgium

Free France

 Italy Ethiopian allied victory
Woyane rebellion
(1943) 		Ethiopia
United Kingdom[28] 		Woyane rebels Victory
  • Revolt crushed
Korean War
(1950–1953)
Stalemate
Congo Crisis
(1960–1964)
1960–1963:
Supported by:
1963–1964:
Supported by:
 1960–1963:
Supported by:
1960–1962:
Supported by:
1963–1964:
Supported by:
 Victory
Bale Revolt
(1963–1970) 		 Ethiopia
→  Somalia 		Victory
  • Revolt crushed, peace agreement
1964 Ethiopian–Somali War
(1964) 		 Ethiopia
Stalemate
  • Military offensive of Ethiopia repulsed, ceasefire agreement[34][35]
OLA insurgency
(1973–present)

OLF
(until 2018)
OLA
(initially part of OLF, independent from 2018)
IFLO
(1985–87)
EUPF
(1993–2012)[36]
Supported by:[d]
Eritrea
(1998–2018)[37]
Egypt (alleged)[38]

Ongoing
  • Start of peace talks between government of Ethiopia and the OLA on 25 April 2023[39][40]
  • Conflict resumes after peace talks failed in May 2023.
  • The OLA and the government signed a peace deal on 1 December 2024 and its members started moving into designated camps[41][42][43][44]

Communist Ethiopia (1975–1991)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Eritrean War of Independence
(1961–1991) 		1961–1974
Ethiopian Empire
Supported by:
1974–1991
Derg (1974–1987)
PDR Ethiopia (1987–1991)
Supported by:
 ELF (1961–1981)
Supported by:
EPLF (since 1973)
Tigray Region TPLF (since 1975)
Supported by:
 EPLF victory[71]
Ogaden War
(1977[72]–1978[73])
Ethiopian victory
1982 Ethiopian-Somali Border War
(1982–1983)

Ethiopia
SSDF

Somalia Somalia

Stalemate[77][78]
Ethiopian Civil War
(1974–1991)

Derg (1974–1987)
PDR Ethiopia (1987–1991)
Supported by:
Soviet Union[83][84][85] (1974–1990)
 Cuba (1974–1990)
South Yemen (1974–1990)
Somali anti-Barre groups:

Somali Anti WSLF-groups:

EPRDF

EPRP
MEISON (from 1977)
EDU
OLF
WSLF
ALF
Eritrean separatists:

Somali nationalists:

EPLF/TPLF rebel victory

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (from 1995)

See also: Ethiopia § Federal Democratic Republic (1991–present)
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Insurgency in Ogaden
(1992[90]–2018[91][92])

Ethiopia
Supported by:
Somaliland[93][94]

ONLF
Supported by:
 Eritrea[95]
 Egypt (alleged by Ethiopia)[96]

al-Itihaad al-Islamiya[97]
(1992–97)

Peace agreement reached
Eritrean–Ethiopian War
(1998–2000) 		 Ethiopia  Eritrea Ethiopian military victory
Eritrean diplomatic victory[98][99][100]
Ethiopian occupation of Somalia
(2006–2009) 		Invasion:

Insurgency:

Invasion:
Islamic Courts Union
Supported by:
ONLF[112][113]
Eritrea

Insurgency:

Islamist insurgent victory, see Consequences
Oromia–Somali clashes
(2016–2018[116][117])

Ethiopia

Somali Region Somali

Abdi Illey arrested[118]
Benishangul-Gumuz conflict
(2019–2022[119])

Ethiopia

Fano[120]

Benishangul-Gumuz Region Gumuz People’s Democratic Movement[121]
Benishangul People's Liberation Movement[122]
Oromo Liberation Army
Tigray People's Liberation Front (alleged)

Peace agreement reached
Tigray War
(2020–2022)

Tigray
OLA (2021–22)[127][128]

Pretoria Agreement
Al-Fashaga conflict
(2020–2022)

Amhara Region Amhara militias
Alleged:
Ethiopia
Eritrea[134]

Sudan

Sudanese victory
  • Disengagement and de-escalation
  • Sudan recaptures all of the border territory with Ethiopia.[135][136]
  • Sudan and Ethiopia agree to settle all disputes peacefully.[137]
War in Amhara
(2023–present)

Ethiopia

Fano factions

Ongoing

Footnotes

  1. ^ On 9 July 1951 troop constituents were: US: 70.4%; ROK: 23.3%; other UNC: 6.3%.[29]
  2. ^ ONUC, the United Nations Operation in the Congo, included troops from Ghana, Tunisia, Morocco, Ethiopia, Ireland, Guinea, Sweden, Mali, Sudan, Liberia, Canada, India, Indonesia and the United Arab Republic among others.[30]
  3. ^ The secession of Katanga and South Kasai was also supported by South Africa, France, Portuguese Angola and the neighbouring Central African Federation.[31][32] However, neither was ever officially recognised by any state.[33]
  4. ^ Alleged by the government of Ethiopia.

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