List of wars involving Malaysia

Part of a series on the
History of Malaysia
Les isles de la Sonde, entre lesquelles sont Sumatra, Iava, Borneo, &c / par le Sr. Sanson d'Abbeville geographe du roy ; A. Peyrounin sculp
Prehistoric period
Paleolithic
 Lenggong Valley c. 2,000,0000 BCE
 Mansuli Valley235,000 BCE
Mesolithic
 Niah cultures 65,000–40,000 BCE
Neolithic
 Bewah man/woman 16,000 BCE
 Perak man/woman 11,000–200 BCE
 Neolithic Klang 500 – 200 BCE
Early kingdoms
Ancient Kedah <100 BCE
Chi Tu 100 BCE–642 CE
Langkasuka 100 BCE–1474 CE
Gangga Negara c. 100 CE–1025
Pan Pan 424–775
Old Kedah 170–1135
Old Pahang 449–1454
Srivijaya 700s–1025
Majapahit 1300s
Rise of Muslim states
Kedah Sultanate 1136–present
Samudera Pasai Sultanate 1267–1521
Brunei Sultanate 1368–present
Malacca Sultanate 1402–1511
Sulu Sultanate 1450–1899
Pahang Sultanate 1470–1623
Aceh Sultanate 1496–1903
Pattani Sultanate 1516– 1902
Johor Sultanate 1528–present
Sarawak Sultanate 1599–1641
Selangor Sultanate 1766–present
Besut Kingdom 1780–1899
Setul Kingdom 1808–1916
Reman Kingdom 1810–1902
Kubang Pasu Kingdom 1839–1864
Colonial period
Portuguese Malacca 1511–1641
Dutch–Portuguese War 1601–1661
Dutch Malacca 1641–1824
Pahang Kingdom 1770–1881
Straits Settlements 1786–1946
Siamese invasion of Kedah 1821–1826
Anglo-Dutch Treaty1824
Burney Treaty1826
Naning War 1831–1832
Kingdom of Sarawak 1841–1946
Separation of Perlis from Kedah 1843
Crown Colony of Labuan 1848–1946
Pahang Civil War 1857–1863
Larut Wars 1861–1874
Klang War 1867–1874
Pangkor Treaty 1874
Perak War1875–1876
British Malaya / Borneo 1874–1946
Jementah Civil War 1879
North Borneo 1882–1946
Pahang Uprising 1891–1895
Mat Salleh Rebellion 1894–1905
Federated Malay States 1895–1946
Anglo-Siamese Treaty 1909
Unfederated Malay States 1909–1946
Battle of Penang 1914
Kelantan rebellion 1915
World War II

1941–1945
Malayan campaign 1941–1942
Bornean Campaign 1941–1942
Battle of Muar 1942
Parit Sulong Massacre 1942
Battle of Singapore 1942
Sook Ching 1942
Syburi 1942
Sandakan Death Marches 1942–1945
Si Rat Malai 1943–1945
Jesselton revolt 1943–1944
Formative period
BMA of Malaya/Borneo 1945–1946
Crown Colony of N. Borneo/Sarawak 1946–1963
Anti-cession movement 1946–1963
Malayan Union 1946–1948
Federation of Malaya 1948–1963
Malayan Emergency 1948–1960
Baling Talks 1955
Independence period
Malayan Independence 1957
Singapore self-governance 1959
ISA 1960 1960–2012
Sarawak Insurgency 1962–1990
North Borneo self-governance 1963
Konfrontasi 1963–1966
Sarawak self-governance 1963
Formation of Malaysia 1963
Singapore in Malaysia 1963–1965
ASEAN Declaration 1967
Second communist insurgency 1968–1989
Modern period
1966 Sarawak constitutional crisis 1965–1966
13 May incident 1969
National Operations Council 1969–1971
Declaration of Rukun Negara 1970
New Economic Policy 1971–1990
Federal Territory of KL 1974
1977 Kelantan Emergency 1977
Pedra Branca dispute 1979–2008
South China Sea dispute (Spratly) 1980–present
Dawn Raid 1981
Federal Territory of Labuan 1984
Memali incident 1985
Sabah Emergency 1986
Ming Court Affair 1987
Operation Lalang 1987
Constitutional crisis 1987–1988
Peace Agreement of Hat Yai 1989
Royal Immunity Amendments 1993
Asian financial crisis 1997–1998
Reformasi Movement 1998–2022
Federal Territory of Putrajaya 2001
2008 Malaysian Opposition Wave 2008
2009 Perak constitutional crisis 2009
H1N1 flu pandemic 2009–2010
Lahad Datu standoff 2013
Sedition Dragnet 2014
1MDB scandal 2015–present
Pakatan Harapan takeover 2018
COVID-19 pandemic 2020–2022
Political crisis 2020–2022
Bornean Amendment 2021–2023
Green Wave 2022–present
2023 Sabah political crisis 2023
Incidents
Brunei revolt 1962–1966
North Borneo dispute (Philippine militant attacks) 1962–present
Singapore race riots 1964
Brunei's Limbang claim 1967–2009
Penang Hartal riot 1967
Ligitan and Sipadan dispute 1969–2002
Kuala Lumpur flash floods 1971
Malaysian haze crisis 1972–present
AIA building hostage crisis 1975
National Monument bombing 1975
Campbell Shopping Complex fire 1976
Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash 1976
Japan Airlines Flight 715 incident 1977
MH653 incident 1977
1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution 1982
1985 Lahad Datu ambush 1985
Memali Incident 1985
Penang terminal bridge collapse 1988
Taufiqiah Al-Khairiah madrasa fire 1989
Kuala Lumpur–Karak Highway crash 1990
Bright Sparklers disaster 1991
Highland Towers collapse 1993
Genting landslide 1995
MH2133 incident 1995
Pos Dipang mudflow 1996
Tropical Storm Greg 1996
Nipah virus outbreak 1998–1999
2000 Sipadan kidnappings 2000
Al-Ma'unah incident 2000
Sauk Siege 2000
2001 Kampung Medan riots 2001
2002 Taman Hillview landslide 2002
Indian Ocean tsunami 2004
2006–2007 Southeast Asian floods 2006–2007
Bukit Gantang bus crash 2007
Bukit Antarabangsa landslide 2008
Attacks against places of worship 2010
2010 Cameron Highlands bus crash 2010
Hulu Langat landslide 2011
2013 Genting Highlands bus crash 2013
MH370 incident 2014
MH17 incident 2014
2014–15 Malaysia floods 2014–2015
Sabah earthquake 2015
2015 Plaza Low Yat riot 2015
Movida Bar grenade attack 2016
Kim Jong-nam's Assassination 2017
Darul Quran madrasa fire2017
2018 Subang Temple riot 2018
2019 Kim Kim River toxic pollution 2019
2020-21 Malaysia floods 2021
LRT train collision 2021
2021-22 Malaysia floods 2021–2022
2022 Batang Kali landslide 2022
2023 Elmina plane crash 2023
2024 Lumut helicopters crash 2024
2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack 2024
2025 Putra Heights pipeline fire 2025
2025 Gerik bus crash 2025
By topic
By region
flag Malaysia portal

This is a list of wars involving Malaysia.

  Malaysia victory
  Malaysia defeat
  Ongoing

List

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result
Federation of Malaya ( 1957–1966)
Malayan Emergency
(1948–1960) 		British Commonwealth forces:
United Kingdom

Australia
New Zealand
Supported by:
Thailand
(Thai–Malaysian border)

Communist forces:
 Commonwealth victory
Congo Crisis
(1960–1964)
1960–1963:
Supported by:
1963–1964:
Supported by:

Malaysia

1960–1963:
Supported by:
1960–1962:
Supported by:
1963–1964:
Supported by:
 Victory
  • The Congo established as an independent unitary state under the authoritarian presidency of Mobutu Sese Seko.
Cross border attacks in North Borneo
(1962–present) 		Malaysia

Philippines (1986–2016)
Indonesia[7]
Vietnam[8]
Singapore[9]
Thailand[10]

Supported by

Bangsamoro militia support:
Moro Islamic Liberation Front[16]
Moro National Liberation Front (Mus Sema faction)[17][18]

Abu Sayyaf (1991–2024)
Philippines (until 1986, 2016–present)
Moro Pirates (1963–present)
Sulu Sultanate (Jamalul Kiram III faction) (2013–present)

Former Sabah invasion supporter:
Moro National Liberation Front (Misuari faction) (2001–2015)[19][20][21]

Security in mainland Sabah was under control, cross border attacks ongoing;
Sarawak Communist Insurgency
(1962–1990[31][32]) 		Anti-communist forces:
United Kingdom[33]

Malaysia[31]

Supported by:
Australia
Brunei
New Zealand
United States

Indonesia (after 1965)[31] (Indo-Malay border)

Communist forces:
North Kalimantan Communist Party[34]
  • Sarawak People's Guerrilla Force (SPGF)[35]
  • North Kalimantan People's Army (NKPA)[35]

Indonesia (1962–65) (military aid)[31]
Other support:
Brunei People's Party

  • North Kalimantan National Army (NKNA)

Malayan Communist Party

Supported by:
China[35]
North Vietnam (until 1975)
North Korea[36][37]

Victory
Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
(1963–1966)
Indonesia
Aligned parties:
PKI[40][41]
NKCP
PGRS
PRB[42] 		Commonwealth victory[43]
Malaysia (16 September 1963 – present)
Second Malayan Emergency
(1968–1989)
Communist forces:
Malayan Communist Party[51]
Malaysian government victory
Operation Gothic Serpent
(1993)
Somali National Alliance victory[57]
  • TF Ranger withdrawal on 20 October 1993[58][59]
  • Captured SNA personnel released by January 1994
  • US forces withdrawal on 3 March 1994
  • UNOSOM II withdrawal on 28 March 1995[60]
UNPROFOR
(1992–1995)

 Argentina
 Australia
 Bangladesh
 Belgium
 Brazil
 Canada
 Colombia
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Egypt
 Estonia
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Ghana
 India
 Indonesia
 Ireland
 Italy
 Jordan
 Kenya
 Lithuania
 Luxembourg
 Malaysia
   Nepal
 Netherlands
 New Zealand
 Nigeria
 Norway
 Pakistan
 Poland
 Portugal
 Russia
 Slovakia
 Spain
 Sweden
  Switzerland
 Tunisia
 Turkey
 Ukraine
 United Kingdom
 United States
United Nations
NATO

 Yugoslavia
Bosnia:
 Republika Srpska
Croatia:
Republic of Serbian Krajina

Victory

  • Peace Agreement.
  • Croatia declares independence.
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina declares independence.
  • Dissolution of Yugoslavia, Republika Srpska and Republic of Serbian Krajina.
International Force for East Timor
(1999–2000) 		International Force: Indonesia Militia: Victory
  • Defeat of pro-Indonesian militia
  • Stabilisation of East Timor
  • Succeeded by United Nations peacekeeping mission UNTAET
Operation Astute
(2006–2013) 		Australia
New Zealand
Malaysia
Portugal
East Timor (government troops)
United Nations soldiers 		Renegade elements of the FDTL Victory
  • Stabilisation of East Timor
Operation Ocean Shield
(2009–2016) 		NATO

Non-NATO:

Somali pirates Allied victory
Lahad Datu standoff
(2013) 		 Malaysia
Sabahan local villagers[64][65][66]
Supported by:
Philippines Philippines[note 1][67] 		{Sulu Sultanate Sultanate of Sulu (Jamalul Kiram III's faction)
Filipino illegal immigrants (non-combative)[68]
Supported by:
Moro National Liberation Front (Misuari faction)[69] 		Decisive Malaysian victory[70][71]

Notes and references

Explanatory footnotes

  1. ^ ONUC, the United Nations Operation in the Congo, included troops from Ghana, Tunisia, Morocco, Ethiopia, Ireland, Guinea, Sweden, Mali, Sudan, Liberia, Canada, India, Indonesia and the United Arab Republic among others.[3]
  2. ^ The secession of Katanga and South Kasai was also supported by South Africa, France, Portuguese Angola and the neighbouring Central African Federation.[4][5] However, neither was ever officially recognised by any state.[6]
  3. ^ Before Federation, the three separate entities Malaya, Sarawak, and North Borneo participated independently
  4. ^ Until 1965

Citations

  1. ^ Federation of Malaya Independence Act 1957
  2. ^ Malaysia Act 1963
  3. ^ Haskin 2005, pp. 24–25.
  4. ^ Nzongola-Ntalaja 2007, p. 101.
  5. ^ Dorn 2016, p. 32.
  6. ^ Nugent 2004, p. 97.
  7. ^ Febrianto (29 March 2016). "Indonesia Tak Boleh Tunduk Terhadap Terorisme Abus Sayyaf!" [Indonesia Cannot Bow to Terrorism of Abu Sayyaf!] (in Indonesian). Rima News. Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  8. ^ "Vietnamese ships to get piracy warnings". Vietnam News Agency. Vietnam Net. 4 May 2016. Archived from the original on 4 September 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  9. ^ Lim Yan Liang (6 June 2016). "Eng Hen: Joint Sulu Sea patrols a welcome initiative to tackle terror". The Straits Times. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  10. ^ Ruksith Sitthitool (20 April 2016). "Thailand to be invited by Malaysia as observers for Sulu Sea Patrol". Thai Tribune. Archived from the original on 30 January 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  11. ^ Ranjit Singh (1984). Brunei, 1839–1983: the problems of political survival. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-582571-8.
  12. ^ Alito Malinao (27 August 1989). "No links with Kiram, says Brunei embassy". Manila Standard. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
  13. ^ Steven Runciman (3 February 2011). The White Rajah: A History of Sarawak from 1841 to 1946. Cambridge University Press. pp. 116–. ISBN 978-0-521-12899-5.
  14. ^ Nicholas Tarling (17 June 2013). Southeast Asia and the Great Powers. Routledge. pp. 58–. ISBN 978-1-135-22941-2.
  15. ^ Marcel Burger (23 January 2015). "Brunei gives four Black Hawks as present to Malaysia". AIRheads. Archived from the original on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  16. ^ "Iqbal: Sabah better off under Malaysia". The Manila Times. 14 April 2015. Archived from the original on 4 June 2015. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  17. ^ "MNLF strongly condemns terrorist acts in eastern Sabah". The Brunei Times. Bernama. 8 March 2013. Archived from the original on 2 October 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  18. ^ Dharel Placido (31 August 2016). "Misuari wants meeting with Duterte in Malaysia". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  19. ^ Teoh El Sen (14 March 2013). "MNLF supports Sulu claim, says Nur Misuari faction". Astro Awani. Archived from the original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
  20. ^ "Nur Misuari involved, says Zahid". Bernama. MySinChew English. 16 July 2014. Archived from the original on 16 July 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
  21. ^ Karlos Manlupig (17 May 2015). "MNLF denies talks with Malaysia over Sabah". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 17 May 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2015. Misuari, who is hiding after the hostilities in Zamboanga in 2013, maintains his position that only the Sultanate of Sulu can pursue the negotiations for the Sabah claim. Respecting the fervent wish of the late Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Kiram III to let alone the Islamic Sultanate of Sulu and North Borneo (SSNB) to negotiate peacefully with the Muslim leaders of Malaysia to settle the controversial issue in order not to repeat the March 2013 Lahad Datu, Sabah incident, Chairman Misuari has dismissed the media reports as unfounded and without any ounce of truth involving the MNLF in any level talks. The MNLF, however, asserted that the Sabah case is a non-issue because it is the "home-base for different tribal groupings of Muslims from different regions of Southeast Asia that have enjoyed peaceful and harmonious co-existence with the Chinese and Christian populace in the area.
  22. ^ "Philippines rebel leader arrested". BBC News. 25 November 2001. Archived from the original on 26 September 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2015. Malaysia's Inspector-General of Police Norian Mai said Mr Misuari and six of his followers were arrested at 3.30 am on Saturday (1930 GMT Friday) on Jampiras island off Sabah state. Manila had ordered his arrest on charges of instigating a rebellion after the government suspended his governorship of an autonomous Muslim region in Mindanao, the ARMM. Although the Philippines has no extradition treaty with Malaysia, the authorities have already made clear that they intend to hand Mr Misuari over to the authorities in Manila as soon as possible. Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad had said before the arrest that, although his country had provided support to the rebel group in the past in its bid for autonomy, Mr Misuari had not used his powers correctly. "Therefore, we no long feel responsible to provide him with any assistance," he said.
  23. ^ "Nur Misuari to be repatriated to stand trial". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 20 December 2001. Archived from the original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  24. ^ a b Jaymalin, Mayen (25 March 2014). "Over 26,000 Filipino illegal migrants return from Sabah". The Philippine Star. ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
  25. ^ Gindol, Kanul (31 May 2014). "'Localised' illegal immigrants helping 'foreign' relatives in Sabah". The Ant Daily. Archived from the original on 3 June 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
  26. ^ Ruben Sario (7 April 2016). "Sabah ceases cross-border trade". The Star. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  27. ^ Ruben Sario (17 January 2017). "Sabah to lift barter trade ban in east coast from Feb 1". The Star. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  28. ^ Antonio L. Colina IV (25 January 2017). "Cross border trade between Malaysia and ARMM's island provinces to reopen on Feb. 1". Minda News. Archived from the original on 1 February 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  29. ^ "Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines agree to intensify maritime security". Antara. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  30. ^ "Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines: Maritime Cooperation Agreement Finalized". Stratfor. 2 August 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h Francis Chan; Phyllis Wong (16 September 2011). "Saga of communist insurgency in Sarawak". The Borneo Post. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
  32. ^ a b Cheah Boon Kheng pp. 132–52
  33. ^ Fowler, Will (2006). Britain's Secret War: The Indonesian Confrontation 1962–66. London: Osprey Publishing. pp. 11, 41. ISBN 978-1-84603-048-2.
  34. ^ Cheah Boon Kheng, p.149
  35. ^ a b c Hara, Fujiol (December 2005). "The North Kalimantan Communist Party and the People's Republic of China". The Developing Economies. XLIII (1): 489–513. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1049.2005.tb00956.x. hdl:10.1111/j.1746-1049.2005.tb00956.x. S2CID 153955103.
  36. ^ Geoffrey Jukes (1 January 1973). The Soviet Union in Asia. University of California Press. pp. 173–. ISBN 978-0-520-02393-2.
  37. ^ Kurt London (1974). The Soviet Impact on World Politics. Ardent Media. pp. 153–. ISBN 978-0-8015-6978-4.
  38. ^ Wilfred Pilo (3 November 2013). "The day the insurgency ended". The Borneo Post. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  39. ^ Wilfred Pilo (5 August 2014). "Former enemies meet as friends 40 years later". The Borneo Post. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  40. ^ Conboy 2003, pp. 93–95.
  41. ^ Conboy 2003, p. 156.
  42. ^ Sejarah Indonesia : "The Sukarno Years". Retrieved 30 May 2006.
  43. ^ van der Bijl 2007, p. 246, It was an outstanding victory, and it was a victory.
  44. ^ Andretta Schellinger (12 February 2016). Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War. McFarland. pp. 152–. ISBN 978-0-7864-9771-3. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
  45. ^ Dennis & Grey 1996, p. 318.
  46. ^ Talib 2005, pp. 16–22.
  47. ^ Yusof Ishak, pp.7–23
  48. ^ Peng 2003, pp. 479–480.
  49. ^ NIE report
  50. ^ a b Navaratnam 2001, p. 10.
  51. ^ a b Navaratnam 2001, pp. 3–5
  52. ^ Sison, Jose Maria. "Notes on People's War in Southeast Asia" Archived 18 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  53. ^ a b Leszek Buszynski (13 September 2013). Soviet Foreign Policy and Southeast Asia (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. pp. 78–. ISBN 978-1-134-48085-2.
  54. ^ John W. Garver (1 December 2015). China's Quest: The History of the Foreign Relations of the People's Republic of China. Oxford University Press. pp. 219–. ISBN 978-0-19-026106-1. (until 1976)
  55. ^ Navaratnam 2001, pp. 189–190.
  56. ^ Peng 2003, pp. 189–199.
  57. ^ Ecklund, Marshall (2004). "Task Force Ranger vs. Urban Somali Guerrillas in Mogadishu: An Analysis of Guerrilla and Counterguerrilla Tactics and Techniques used during Operation GOTHIC SERPENT". Small Wars & Insurgencies. 15 (3): 47–69. doi:10.1080/0959231042000275560. ISSN 0959-2318. S2CID 144853322.
  58. ^ Walker, Martin (20 October 1993). "Crack US troops to leave Somalia". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  59. ^ Marcus, Ruth; Lancaster, John (20 October 1993). "U.S. PULLS RANGERS OUT OF SOMALIA". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 10 September 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  60. ^ US forces, Somalia AAR 2003, p. 13.
  61. ^ ""Fuerzas Militares pueden enfrentar cualquier amenaza interna o externa": Mindefensa". 28 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  62. ^ "New Zealand joins NATO's counter-piracy mission Ocean Shield". NATO. 21 January 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
  63. ^ Kozhara: Hetman Sahaidachny frigate to join NATO’s anti-piracy operation, Interfax-Ukraine (17 September 2013)
  64. ^ "Villagers beat gunman to death". Bernama. Free Malaysia Today. 3 March 2013. Archived from the original on 5 March 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
  65. ^ "Semporna villagers beat to death ex-Moro commander". The Star. 3 March 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
  66. ^ "Sabahans will not forget Lahad Datu incident — Musa". Bernama. The Borneo Post. 30 June 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
  67. ^ Michael Lim Ubac (7 March 2013). "Aquino: I won't allow Sulu sultan to drag PH into war with Malaysia". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 24 July 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2013. President Aquino said in a statement, 'I appeal to you (Jamalul Kiram III) — we should be really clear on this — this incident is wrong. If this is wrong, why should we (the government) lend support to this? We should support what is right... which will lead us to brighter prospects; the wrong option will only bring us ruin. That's it, that's my simple message.' He also added 'Let's not forget: What they (the Jamalul Kiram III faction) are pushing for is their right as so-called heirs of the sultan of Sulu. It's not yet clear if their rights have been transferred to the Philippines. But we (the Philippines citizens and our nation) will all be affected by their conflict (with Malaysia).'
  68. ^ a b Kanul Gindol (31 May 2014). "'Localised' illegal immigrants helping 'foreign' relatives in Sabah". The Ant Daily. Archived from the original on 1 July 2014. Retrieved 21 June 2014.
  69. ^ Teoh El Sen (14 March 2013). "MNLF supports Sulu claim, says Nur Misuari faction". Astro Awani. Archived from the original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
  70. ^ "Lahad Datu: Sulu gunmen in Kg Tanduo have been totally defeated, say police sources". The Star. 5 March 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  71. ^ "Security forces in full control of Sabah's east coast: Police". The Brunei Times. The Star/ANN. 8 February 2014. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  72. ^ Muguntan Vanar (29 June 2013). "Lahad Datu: Ops Daulat officially ends today". The Star. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
  73. ^ "ESSCOM will continue to hold programmes on security within ESSZONE". New Sabah Times. 22 October 2013. Archived from the original on 29 June 2014. Retrieved 26 October 2013.
  74. ^ "11,992 illegals repatriated from Sabah between January and November, says task force director". The Malay Mail. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
  1. ^ Supported Malaysian action during the standoff, but was not involved in the operation.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.