Occupied Palestinian territories:
Palestine State of Palestine , is a country in West Asia . Recognized by 147 of the UN's 193 member states , it encompasses the Israeli-occupied West Bank , including East Jerusalem , and the Gaza Strip , collectively known as the occupied Palestinian territories. The territories share the vast majority of their borders with Israel, with the West Bank bordering Jordan to the east and the Gaza Strip bordering Egypt to the southwest. It has a total land area of 6,020 square kilometres (2,320 sq mi) while its population exceeds five million. Its proclaimed capital is Jerusalem , while Ramallah serves as its de facto Gaza City was its largest city prior to evacuations in 2023 .
Situated at a continental crossroad , the Palestine region was ruled by various empires and experienced various demographic changes from antiquity to the modern era. It was treading ground for the Nile and Mesopotamian armies and merchants from North Africa, China and India. The region has religious significance . The ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict dates back to the rise of the Zionist movement , supported by the United Kingdom during World War I . The war saw Britain occupying Palestine from the Ottoman Empire , where it set up Mandatory Palestine under the auspices of the League of Nations . Increased Jewish immigration led to intercommunal conflict between Jews and Palestinian Arabs , which escalated into a civil war in 1947 after a proposed partitioning by the United Nations was rejected by the Palestinians and other Arab nations .
The 1948 Palestine war saw the forcible displacement of a majority of the Arab population, and consequently the establishment of Israel; these events are referred to by Palestinians as the Nakba ('catastrophe'). In the Six-Day War in 1967, Israel occupied the West Bank and the Gaza Strip , which had been held by Jordan and Egypt respectively. The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) declared independence in 1988. In 1993, the PLO signed the Oslo Accords with Israel, creating limited PLO governance in the West Bank and Gaza Strip through the Palestinian Authority (PA). Israel withdrew from Gaza in its unilateral disengagement in 2005, but the territory is still considered to be under military occupation and has been blockaded by Israel. In 2007, internal divisions between political factions led to a takeover of Gaza by Hamas . Since then, the West Bank has been governed in part by the Fatah -led PA, while the Gaza Strip has remained under the control of Hamas .
Israel has constructed large settlements in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem since 1967, which currently house more than 670,000 Israeli settlers, which are illegal under international law . Attacks by Hamas-led armed groups in October 2023 in Israel were followed by the Gaza war , which has caused large-scale loss of life, mass population displacement , a humanitarian crisis , and an imminent famine in the Gaza Strip. According to a United Nations special committee , Amnesty International , and other experts and human rights organisations, Israel has committed genocide against the Palestinian people during its ongoing invasion and bombing of the Gaza Strip . (Full article...
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Nablus Palestinian city in the northern West Bank , approximately 63 kilometers (39 mi) north of Jerusalem , with a population of 126,132. Located in a strategic position between Mount Ebal and Mount Gerizim , it is the capital of the Nablus Governorate and a Palestinian commercial and cultural center. Founded by the Roman Emperor Vespasian in 72 CE as Flavia Neapolis , Nablus has been ruled by many empires over the course of its almost 2,000-year-long history. In the 5th and 6th centuries, conflict between the city's Christian and Samaritan inhabitants climaxed in a series of Samaritan revolts against Byzantine rule, before their violent quelling in 529 CE drastically dwindled that community's numbers in the city. In 636, Neapolis , along with most of Palestine , came under the rule of the Islamic Arab Caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab ; its name Arabicized to Nablus . Following its incorporation into the Ottoman empire in 1517, Nablus was designated capital of the Jabal Nablus ("Mount Nablus") district. After the loss of the city to British forces during World War I , Nablus was incorporated into the British Mandate of Palestine in 1922, and later designated to form part of the Arab state of Palestine under the 1947 UN partition plan . The end of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War saw the city instead fall to Jordan , to which it was unilaterally annexed, until its occupation by Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War . Today, the population is predominantly Muslim , with small Christian and Samaritan minorities. Since 1995, the city has been governed by the Palestinian National Authority . In the Old City, there are a number of sites of archaeological significance, spanning the 1st to 15th centuries. The city is known for its kanafeh soap industry.
Jerusalem in the early 20th century A view of Jerusalem in the early 20th century Amarna letters , which date to the 14th century BCE. Over its long history, it has been controlled by Israelites , Judaeans , Babylonians , Persians , Greeks , Hasmoneans , Romans , Byzantines , Arabs , Mamluks , Turks , and the British before being split between Israel and Jordan . Israel captured East Jerusalem in the Six-Day War of 1967, and the city remains a core issue in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict .
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Abu Nidal Sabri Khalil al-Banna , was the founder of Fatah – The Revolutionary Council, a militant Palestinian splinter group also known as the Abu Nidal Organization (ANO). At the height of his power in the 1970s and 1980s, Abu Nidal, or "father of [the] struggle", was widely regarded as the most ruthless of the Palestinian political leaders. Part of the socialist Palestinian rejectionist front , so called because they reject proposals for a peaceful settlement with Israel, the ANO was formed after a split in 1974 between Abu Nidal and Yasser Arafat 's Fatah faction within the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). Setting himself up as a freelance contractor, Abu Nidal is believed by the United States Department of State to have ordered attacks in 20 countries, killing or injuring over 900 people. The group's most notorious attacks were on the El Al ticket counters at Rome and Vienna airports in December 1985, when Arab gunmen opened fire on passengers in simultaneous shootings, killing 18 and wounding 120. Abu Nidal died of between one and four gunshot wounds in Baghdad in August 2002. Palestinian sources believe he was killed on the orders of Saddam Hussein, but the Iraqi government insisted he had committed suicide.
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6th Airborne Division in Palestine 1940 Mandatory Palestine v Lebanon football match 1988 Negev bus hijacking 2021 ban of Palestinian human rights organizations Tarab Abdul Hadi Abdullah Pasha ibn Ali Félix-Marie Abel Abil al-Qamh Ablaq Shireen Abu Akleh Yusuf Abu Durra Shadia Abu Ghazaleh Nasser Abu Hamid Majed Abu Maraheel Aziz Abu Sarah Abu Shusha, Haifa Abu Zurayq Abu al-A'war Abu'l-Qasim al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Maghribi George J. 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