Braille pattern dots-36

6-dot braille cells
⠀	⠁	⠃	⠉	⠙	⠑	⠋	⠛	⠓	⠊	⠚	⠈	⠘
⠄	⠅	⠇	⠍	⠝	⠕	⠏	⠟	⠗	⠎	⠞	⠌	⠜
	⠥	⠧	⠭	⠽	⠵	⠯	⠿	⠷	⠮	⠾	⠬	⠼
⠠	⠡	⠣	⠩	⠹	⠱	⠫	⠻	⠳	⠪	⠺	⠨	⠸
⠀	⠂	⠆	⠒	⠲	⠢	⠖	⠶	⠦	⠔	⠴	⠐	⠰

The Braille pattern dots-36 ( ⠤ ) is a 6-dot braille cell with both bottom dots raised, or an 8-dot braille cell with both lower-middle dots raised. It is represented by the Unicode code point U+2824, and in Braille ASCII with the hyphen: -.

Character information
Preview
Unicode name	BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-36
Encodings	decimal	hex
Unicode	10276	U+2824
UTF-8	226 160 164	E2 A0 A4
Numeric character reference	⠤	⠤
Braille ASCII	45	2D

Unified Braille

In unified international braille, the braille pattern dots-36 is used to represent hyphens and dashes, and otherwise as needed.^[1]

Table of unified braille values

French Braille	- (hyphen), (math) − (minus), com-, "celui"
English Braille	- (hyphen)
English Contraction	com-†
German Braille	- (hyphen)
Bharati Braille	- (hyphen) ^[2]
IPA Braille	- (hyphen - morpheme break)
Russian Braille	- (hyphen)
Slovak Braille	- (hyphen), – (en dash)
Arabic Braille	- (hyphen)
Irish Braille	com
Thai Braille	consonant modifier

^[1]

† Abolished in Unified English Braille

Other braille

Japanese Braille	「 and 」 ^[1]
Taiwanese Braille	。 (period), ・ (interpunct)
Two-Cell Chinese Braille	〜 (hyphen)
Nemeth Braille	- (minus sign) ^[3]

Plus dots 7 and 8

Related to Braille pattern dots-36 are Braille patterns 367, 368, and 3678, which are used in 8-dot braille systems, such as Gardner-Salinas and Luxembourgish Braille.

Character information
Preview
Unicode name	BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-367		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-368		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-3678
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	10340	U+2864	10404	U+28A4	10468	U+28E4
UTF-8	226 161 164	E2 A1 A4	226 162 164	E2 A2 A4	226 163 164	E2 A3 A4
Numeric character reference	⡤	⡤	⢤	⢤	⣤	⣤

	dots 367	dots 368	dots 3678
Gardner Salinas Braille^[4]	markup indicator	… (ellipses)	∝ (proportionality)

Related 8-dot kantenji patterns

In the Japanese kantenji braille, the standard 8-dot Braille patterns 78, 178, 478, and 1478 are the patterns related to Braille pattern dots-36, since the two additional dots of kantenji patterns 036, 367, and 0367 are placed above the base 6-dot cell, instead of below, as in standard 8-dot braille.

Character information
Preview
Unicode name	BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-78		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-178		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-478		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-1478
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	10432	U+28C0	10433	U+28C1	10440	U+28C8	10441	U+28C9
UTF-8	226 163 128	E2 A3 80	226 163 129	E2 A3 81	226 163 136	E2 A3 88	226 163 137	E2 A3 89
Numeric character reference	⣀	⣀	⣁	⣁	⣈	⣈	⣉	⣉

Kantenji using braille patterns 78, 178, 478, or 1478

This listing includes kantenji using Braille pattern dots-36 for all 6349 kanji found in JIS C 6226-1978.

- 学

Variants and thematic compounds

- selector 1 + 龸 = 亠
- selector 4 + 龸 = 凡
- selector 5 + 龸 = 舜
- selector 6 + 龸 = 几
- 龸 + selector 1 = 愛
- 龸 + selector 2 = 光
- 龸 + selector 3 = 文
- 比 + 龸 = 下
- - selector 1 + 比 + 龸 = 卞

Compounds of 学 and 龸

- 龸 + 龸 + こ/子 = 學
- ふ/女 + 龸 = 妥
- - い/糹/#2 + ふ/女 + 龸 = 綏
- - せ/食 + ふ/女 + 龸 = 餒
- 龸 + ゑ/訁 = 受
- - て/扌 + 龸 = 授
- - ゐ/幺 + 龸 + ゑ/訁 = 綬
- け/犬 + 龸 = 獣
- - け/犬 + け/犬 + 龸 = 獸
- 龸 + 宿 = 党
- - 龸 + 龸 + 宿 = 黨
  - - な/亻 + 龸 + 宿 = 儻
- 龸 + ぬ/力 = 労
- - 龸 + 龸 + ぬ/力 = 勞
  - - て/扌 + 龸 + ぬ/力 = 撈
  - - や/疒 + 龸 + ぬ/力 = 癆
- 龸 + み/耳 = 営
- - 龸 + 龸 + み/耳 = 營
- 龸 + つ/土 = 堂
- - め/目 + 龸 + つ/土 = 瞠
- - む/車 + 龸 + つ/土 = 螳
- 龸 + し/巿 = 常
- - ふ/女 + 龸 + し/巿 = 嫦
- - む/車 + 龸 + し/巿 = 蟐
- 龸 + ふ/女 = 当
- - 龸 + 龸 + ふ/女 = 當
  - - ね/示 + 龸 + ふ/女 = 襠
  - - む/車 + 龸 + ふ/女 = 蟷
  - - ま/石 + 龸 + ふ/女 = 礑
- - き/木 + 龸 + ふ/女 = 档
- 龸 + て/扌 = 掌
- 龸 + き/木 = 栄
- - 龸 + 龸 + き/木 = 榮
  - - む/車 + 龸 + き/木 = 蠑
- 龸 + や/疒 = 爵
- - れ/口 + 龸 + や/疒 = 嚼
- 龸 + め/目 = 覚
- - て/扌 + 龸 + め/目 = 撹
- - 龸 + 龸 + め/目 = 覺
- 龸 + え/訁 = 誉
- - 龸 + 龸 + え/訁 = 譽
- 龸 + を/貝 = 賞
- ゆ/彳 + 龸 + か/金 = 徭
- る/忄 + 龸 + け/犬 = 懽
- 氷/氵 + 龸 + け/犬 = 灌
- え/訁 + 龸 + け/犬 = 讙
- か/金 + 龸 + け/犬 = 鑵
- ほ/方 + 龸 + う/宀/#3 = 殍
- 火 + 龸 + ろ/十 = 煢
- く/艹 + 龸 + け/犬 = 蕚
- け/犬 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鶚
- 龸 + 宿 + に/氵 = 嘗
- 龸 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 甞
- の/禾 + の/禾 + 龸 = 稱
- 龸 + め/目 + 宿 = 覓
- 龸 + せ/食 + selector 1 = 鷽
- 龸 + し/巿 + こ/子 = 黌

Compounds of 亠

- れ/口 + 龸 = 囃
- 龸 + ち/竹 = 交
- - な/亻 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 佼
- - れ/口 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 咬
- - け/犬 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 狡
- - 日 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 皎
- - い/糹/#2 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 纐
- - む/車 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 蛟
- - そ/馬 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 駮
- - せ/食 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 鮫
- 龸 + ま/石 = 亨
- - 火 + 龸 + ま/石 = 烹
- 龸 + こ/子 = 享
- - る/忄 + 龸 + こ/子 = 惇
- - き/木 + 龸 + こ/子 = 椁
- - え/訁 + 龸 + こ/子 = 諄
- - せ/食 + 龸 + こ/子 = 醇
- 龸 + れ/口 = 京
- - ぬ/力 + 龸 + れ/口 = 勍
- - て/扌 + 龸 + れ/口 = 掠
- - 心 + 龸 + れ/口 = 椋
- - か/金 + 龸 + れ/口 = 鍄
- - し/巿 + 龸 + れ/口 = 黥
- 龸 + ね/示 = 哀
- 龸 + 囗 = 壇
- - 心 + 龸 + 囗 = 檀
- - そ/馬 + 龸 + 囗 = 羶
- 龸 + な/亻 = 夜
- - て/扌 + 龸 + な/亻 = 掖
- - ⺼ + 龸 + な/亻 = 腋
- 龸 + せ/食 = 毫
- 龸 + そ/馬 = 豪
- - つ/土 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 壕
- - に/氵 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 濠
- 龸 + ゐ/幺 = 玄
- - ゆ/彳 + 龸 = 弦
- - 龸 + た/⽥ = 畜
- - 龸 + ろ/十 = 率
  - - む/車 + 龸 + ろ/十 = 蟀
- - や/疒 + 龸 + ゐ/幺 = 痃
- - め/目 + 龸 + ゐ/幺 = 眩
- - い/糹/#2 + 龸 + ゐ/幺 = 絃
- - ふ/女 + 龸 + ゐ/幺 = 舷
- - ゆ/彳 + 龸 + ゐ/幺 = 衒
- - か/金 + 龸 + ゐ/幺 = 鉉
- - せ/食 + 龸 + ゐ/幺 = 鯀
- 龸 + よ/广 = 棄
- - 龸 + 龸 + よ/广 = 弃
- 龸 + ら/月 = 育
- selector 1 + 龸 + れ/口 = 亰
- 龸 + 日 = 冥
- - し/巿 + 龸 + 日 = 幎
- - 日 + 龸 + 日 = 暝
- - 心 + 龸 + 日 = 榠
- - に/氵 + 龸 + 日 = 溟
- - め/目 + 龸 + 日 = 瞑
- - む/車 + 龸 + 日 = 螟
- 日 + 龸 + ろ/十 = 暸
- に/氵 + 龸 + ろ/十 = 潦
- き/木 + 龸 + ま/石 = 柆
- ま/石 + 龸 + 氷/氵 = 竭
- き/木 + 龸 + け/犬 = 桍
- も/門 + 龸 + し/巿 = 閙
- 龸 + う/宀/#3 + な/亻 = 亳
- 龸 + selector 4 + く/艹 = 毓
- に/氵 + 宿 + 龸 = 滾
- 龸 + ね/示 + selector 1 = 褻
- 龸 + な/亻 + れ/口 = 襃
- せ/食 + 氷/氵 + 龸 = 酖
- 龸 + 宿 + せ/食 = 鶉

Compounds of 凡

- し/巿 + 龸 = 帆
- ち/竹 + 龸 = 築
- 龸 + 心 = 恐
- き/木 + selector 4 + 龸 = 梵
- に/氵 + selector 4 + 龸 = 汎
- む/車 + 龸 + 龸 = 蛩
- む/車 + 龸 + 龸 = 蛩
- み/耳 + 宿 + 龸 = 跫
- 龸 + と/戸 + ろ/十 = 鞏

Compounds of 舜

- め/目 + 龸 = 瞬
- 心 + selector 5 + 龸 = 蕣

Compounds of 几

- 龸 + 龸 = 充
- - い/糹/#2 + 龸 = 統
- - か/金 + 龸 = 銃
- つ/土 + 龸 = 先
- - に/氵 + 龸 = 洗
- - ち/竹 + つ/土 + 龸 = 筅
- - み/耳 + つ/土 + 龸 = 跣
- 宿 + 龸 = 冗
- - る/忄 + 宿 + 龸 = 忱
- - め/目 + 宿 + 龸 = 眈
- す/発 + 龸 = 処
- - す/発 + す/発 + 龸 = 處
- や/疒 + 龸 = 凱
- も/門 + 龸 = 匹
- き/木 + 龸 = 机
- み/耳 + 龸 = 耽
- 氷/氵 + 龸 = 沈
- 龸 + 仁/亻 = 就
- ⺼ + 龸 = 肌
- お/頁 + 龸 = 頽
- せ/食 + 龸 = 飢
- れ/口 + selector 6 + 龸 = 咒
- 仁/亻 + 龸 + 龸 = 凭
- く/艹 + 龸 + の/禾 = 芟
- む/車 + 龸 + の/禾 = 轂
- む/車 + 宿 + 龸 = 允
- 仁/亻 + 龸 + 龸 = 凭
- て/扌 + 宿 + 龸 = 撓
- き/木 + 宿 + 龸 = 橈
- の/禾 + 宿 + 龸 = 禿
- 龸 + う/宀/#3 + せ/食 = 鳧

Compounds of 愛

- 日 + 龸 + selector 1 = 曖
- め/目 + 龸 + selector 1 = 瞹
- ち/竹 + 龸 + selector 1 = 靉

Compounds of 光

- 龸 + む/車 = 輝
- る/忄 + 龸 + selector 2 = 恍
- 日 + 龸 + selector 2 = 晃
- - 氷/氵 + 龸 + selector 2 = 滉
- に/氵 + 龸 + selector 2 = 洸
- い/糹/#2 + 龸 + selector 2 = 絖
- ⺼ + 龸 + selector 2 = 胱
- 日 + 宿 + 龸 = 晄
- 龸 + 宿 + や/疒 = 耀

Compounds of 文

- さ/阝 + 龸 = 斉
- - い/糹/#2 + さ/阝 + 龸 = 緕
- - さ/阝 + さ/阝 + 龸 = 齊
  - - さ/阝 + 龸 + 火 = 韲
  - - な/亻 + さ/阝 + 龸 = 儕
  - - て/扌 + さ/阝 + 龸 = 擠
  - - 心 + さ/阝 + 龸 = 薺
  - - み/耳 + さ/阝 + 龸 = 躋
  - - ち/竹 + さ/阝 + 龸 = 霽
- 火 + 龸 = 斐
- へ/⺩ + 龸 = 斑
- ゐ/幺 + 龸 = 紋
- む/車 + 龸 = 蚊
- 龸 + さ/阝 = 斎
- - 龸 + 龸 + さ/阝 = 齋
  - - を/貝 + 龸 + さ/阝 = 齎
- れ/口 + 龸 + selector 3 = 吝
- - る/忄 + 龸 = 悋
- こ/子 + 龸 + selector 3 = 斈
- 日 + 龸 + selector 3 = 旻
- い/糹/#2 + 龸 + selector 3 = 紊
- す/発 + 龸 + selector 3 = 虔
- も/門 + 龸 + selector 3 = 閔
- そ/馬 + 龸 + selector 3 = 馼

Compounds of 下 and 卞

- つ/土 + 比 + 龸 = 圷
- き/木 + 比 + 龸 = 梺
- も/門 + 比 + 龸 = 閇
- ち/竹 + 比 + 龸 = 雫
- て/扌 + 比 + 龸 = 抃
- ね/示 + う/宀/#3 + 龸 = 裃
- と/戸 + う/宀/#3 + 龸 = 鞐
- 龸 + む/車 + 宿 = 颪

Other compounds

- ほ/方 + 龸 = 於
- - れ/口 + ほ/方 + 龸 = 唹
- - に/氵 + ほ/方 + 龸 = 淤
- - も/門 + ほ/方 + 龸 = 閼
- - せ/食 + ほ/方 + 龸 = 鯲
- 囗 + 龸 = 図
- - 囗 + 囗 + 龸 = 圖
- 日 + 龸 = 晶
- - き/木 + 日 + 龸 = 橸
- ね/示 + 龸 = 祢
- - ね/示 + ね/示 + 龸 = 袮
- の/禾 + 龸 = 称
- 心 + 龸 = 蕨
- ひ/辶 + 龸 = 迄
- と/戸 + 龸 = 鬢
- 龸 + お/頁 = 乞
- 龸 + ほ/方 = 夢
- - な/亻 + 龸 + ほ/方 = 儚
- 龸 + ひ/辶 = 戉
- - か/金 + 龸 + ひ/辶 = 鉞
- 龸 + は/辶 = 毎
- - 龸 + 氷/氵 = 敏
- - 心 + 龸 + は/辶 = 莓
- 龸 + 火 = 為
- - 龸 + 龸 + 火 = 爲
  - - え/訁 + 龸 + 火 = 譌
- 龸 + り/分 = 重
- - ⺼ + 龸 + り/分 = 腫
- - く/艹 + 龸 + り/分 = 董
- - み/耳 + 龸 + り/分 = 踵
- - か/金 + 龸 + り/分 = 鍾
- 龸 + い/糹/#2 = 雑
- - 龸 + 龸 + い/糹/#2 = 雜
- な/亻 + 龸 + け/犬 = 倏
- れ/口 + 龸 + お/頁 = 吃
- え/訁 + 龸 + お/頁 = 訖
- な/亻 + 龸 + も/門 = 偃
- れ/口 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 喙
- と/戸 + 龸 + の/禾 = 彝
- 囗 + 龸 + ほ/方 = 圀
- つ/土 + 龸 + と/戸 = 垪
- つ/土 + 龸 + selector 1 = 壺
- ふ/女 + 龸 + ゑ/訁 = 娵
- こ/子 + 龸 + 氷/氵 = 孜
- や/疒 + 龸 + お/頁 = 屹
- や/疒 + 龸 + つ/土 = 崕
- や/疒 + 龸 + る/忄 = 崘
- よ/广 + 龸 + き/木 = 廝
- る/忄 + 龸 + む/車 = 慚
- お/頁 + 龸 + 囗 = 戞
- て/扌 + 龸 + む/車 = 搆
- て/扌 + 龸 + う/宀/#3 = 搴
- 日 + 龸 + む/車 = 暉
- き/木 + 龸 + 囗 = 杙
- 心 + 龸 + 数 = 杤
- き/木 + 龸 + 日 = 杳
- 心 + 龸 + ひ/辶 = 杷
- 心 + 龸 + 比 = 枇
- 心 + 龸 + り/分 = 枌
- き/木 + 龸 + と/戸 = 枦
- き/木 + 龸 + ぬ/力 = 枴
- き/木 + 龸 + を/貝 = 柝
- 心 + 龸 + む/車 = 栩
- き/木 + 龸 + や/疒 = 梍
- き/木 + 龸 + き/木 = 棊
- 心 + 龸 + ゆ/彳 = 棣
- 心 + 龸 + も/門 = 椚
- き/木 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 椽
- き/木 + 龸 + む/車 = 樛
- き/木 + 龸 + 龸 = 橇
- 心 + 龸 + ま/石 = 檗
- き/木 + 龸 + へ/⺩ = 檮
- 心 + 龸 + た/⽥ = 櫨
- に/氵 + 龸 + ん/止 = 沚
- に/氵 + 龸 + む/車 = 浚
- に/氵 + 龸 + つ/土 = 涌
- に/氵 + 龸 + ら/月 = 涓
- に/氵 + 龸 + ぬ/力 = 渕
- に/氵 + 龸 + ⺼ = 渙
- に/氵 + 龸 + ゆ/彳 = 渝
- 氷/氵 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 漾
- に/氵 + 龸 + め/目 = 濬
- に/氵 + 龸 + か/金 = 瀏
- に/氵 + 龸 + た/⽥ = 瀘
- め/目 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 爻
- そ/馬 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 犧
- ゆ/彳 + 龸 + た/⽥ = 疆
- ま/石 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 碼
- ま/石 + 龸 + つ/土 = 磽
- ま/石 + 龸 + ま/石 = 礪
- ね/示 + 龸 + さ/阝 = 祁
- ね/示 + 龸 + た/⽥ = 禝
- ち/竹 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 筝
- ち/竹 + 龸 + へ/⺩ = 筺
- ち/竹 + 龸 + 囗 = 箘
- ち/竹 + 龸 + 比 = 篦
- ち/竹 + 龸 + ね/示 = 簔
- ち/竹 + 龸 + 日 = 簷
- ち/竹 + 龸 + ら/月 = 籀
- ち/竹 + 龸 + み/耳 = 籖
- の/禾 + 龸 + と/戸 = 粐
- い/糹/#2 + 龸 + 囗 = 綫
- い/糹/#2 + 龸 + み/耳 = 纎
- そ/馬 + 龸 + 火 = 羹
- み/耳 + 龸 + ゐ/幺 = 聨
- 心 + 龸 + め/目 = 苜
- 心 + 龸 + き/木 = 菫
- 心 + 龸 + と/戸 = 萄
- 心 + 龸 + ほ/方 = 葡
- そ/馬 + 龸 + ら/月 = 葢
- 心 + 龸 + の/禾 = 葭
- 心 + 龸 + す/発 = 蔆
- 心 + 龸 + 火 = 薤
- く/艹 + 龸 + 数 = 藪
- 心 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 蘓
- く/艹 + 龸 + ま/石 = 蘰
- む/車 + 龸 + 宿 = 蛻
- む/車 + 龸 + へ/⺩ = 蝗
- む/車 + 龸 + 囗 = 蠏
- む/車 + 龸 + く/艹 = 蠖
- む/車 + 龸 + ま/石 = 蠹
- え/訁 + 龸 + ま/石 = 謾
- え/訁 + 龸 + 日 = 譖
- え/訁 + 龸 + つ/土 = 讌
- そ/馬 + 龸 + 比 = 貔
- み/耳 + 龸 + ん/止 = 趾
- み/耳 + 龸 + も/門 = 躪
- み/耳 + 龸 + よ/广 = 軅
- む/車 + 龸 + う/宀/#3 = 軫
- む/車 + 龸 + と/戸 = 辯
- ひ/辶 + 龸 + む/車 = 逵
- せ/食 + 龸 + の/禾 = 酥
- せ/食 + 龸 + た/⽥ = 醴
- か/金 + 龸 + ぬ/力 = 釛
- か/金 + 龸 + た/⽥ = 鈿
- か/金 + 龸 + ま/石 = 鉐
- か/金 + 龸 + ゆ/彳 = 銜
- か/金 + 龸 + の/禾 = 鍜
- か/金 + 龸 + る/忄 = 鐶
- か/金 + 龸 + ろ/十 = 鑞
- さ/阝 + 龸 + な/亻 = 陝
- お/頁 + 龸 + け/犬 = 頸
- せ/食 + 龸 + け/犬 = 飫
- せ/食 + 龸 + ほ/方 = 餔
- せ/食 + 龸 + ら/月 = 餾
- せ/食 + 龸 + ま/石 = 饅
- そ/馬 + 龸 + と/戸 = 駢
- せ/食 + 龸 + つ/土 = 鯒
- せ/食 + 龸 + す/発 = 鰒
- せ/食 + 龸 + ⺼ = 鰛
- な/亻 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鳰
- ろ/十 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鴇
- よ/广 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鴈
- ひ/辶 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鴕
- れ/口 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鴣
- む/車 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鴾
- り/分 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鴿
- ゆ/彳 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鵄
- み/耳 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鵈
- を/貝 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鵙
- 囗 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鵡
- 龸 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鵺
- か/金 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鷂
- め/目 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鷏
- と/戸 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鷓
- つ/土 + 龸 + せ/食 = 鷙
- 宿 + 宿 + 龸 = 亅
- 数 + う/宀/#3 + 龸 = 卍
- ゆ/彳 + 宿 + 龸 = 弥
- 龸 + 囗 + ん/止 = 斌
- き/木 + 龸 + 龸 = 橇
- へ/⺩ + 宿 + 龸 = 珎
- 龸 + selector 4 + 火 = 韭

^[5] ^[6] ^[7] ^[8]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c "World Braille Usage". UNESCO. Retrieved 2012-04-19..
^ "Introduction to Bharati Braille". Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
^ "Nemeth Braille (Mathematics Braille)". Archived from the original on 2012-04-21. Retrieved 2012-04-25.
^ "Index of Topics in Braille Section". Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics. Archived from the original on 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2012-04-29.
^ "ロービジョン相談と光学". Retrieved 31 January 2014.
^ "盲人と文字 -漢点字の世界". Retrieved 27 December 2013.
^ "漢点字". Retrieved 27 December 2013.
^ "漢点字入門" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.

[Unesco-1] "World Braille Usage". UNESCO. Retrieved 2012-04-19..

[2] "Introduction to Bharati Braille". Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.

[3] "Nemeth Braille (Mathematics Braille)". Archived from the original on 2012-04-21. Retrieved 2012-04-25.

[OSU-4] "Index of Topics in Braille Section". Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics. Archived from the original on 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2012-04-29.

[technopolis-5] "ロービジョン相談と光学". Retrieved 31 January 2014.

[kantenji-6] "盲人と文字 -漢点字の世界". Retrieved 27 December 2013.

[n-braille-7] "漢点字". Retrieved 27 December 2013.

[taijukai-8] "漢点字入門" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.

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