1474
| Years |
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| Millennium |
| 2nd millennium |
| Centuries |
| Decades |
| Years |
| 1474 by topic |
|---|
| Arts and science |
| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1474 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1474 MCDLXXIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2227 |
| Armenian calendar | 923 ԹՎ ՋԻԳ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6224 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1395–1396 |
| Bengali calendar | 880–881 |
| Berber calendar | 2424 |
| English Regnal year | 13 Edw. 4 – 14 Edw. 4 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2018 |
| Burmese calendar | 836 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6982–6983 |
| Chinese calendar | 癸巳年 (Water Snake) 4171 or 3964 — to — 甲午年 (Wood Horse) 4172 or 3965 |
| Coptic calendar | 1190–1191 |
| Discordian calendar | 2640 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1466–1467 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5234–5235 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1530–1531 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1395–1396 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4574–4575 |
| Holocene calendar | 11474 |
| Igbo calendar | 474–475 |
| Iranian calendar | 852–853 |
| Islamic calendar | 878–879 |
| Japanese calendar | Bunmei 6 (文明６年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1390–1391 |
| Julian calendar | 1474 MCDLXXIV |
| Korean calendar | 3807 |
| Minguo calendar | 438 before ROC 民前438年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 6 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2016–2017 |
| Tibetan calendar | ཆུ་མོ་སྦྲུལ་ལོ་ (female Water-Snake) 1600 or 1219 or 447 — to — ཤིང་ཕོ་རྟ་ལོ་ (male Wood-Horse) 1601 or 1220 or 448 |
Year 1474 (MCDLXXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
- January 6 – At the age of one year and nine months, Bianca Maria Sforza, the daughter of the Duke of Milan, Galeazzo Maria Sforza, is betrothed to the 9-year-old, Duke of Savoy, Philibert I, as part of an alliance between the two independent Italian duchies.[1]
- February 7 – The Hungarian town of Varad is attacked by an Ottoman Empire army of 7,000 cavalry, commanded by General Mihaloğlu Ali Bey, and its inhabitants are taken prisoner. Bunyitay Vincze (1883–1884).[2]
- February 21 – The Treaty of Ófalu is signed between the Kingdom of Poland and the Kingdom of Hungary.
- February 28 – The Treaty of Utrecht puts an end to the Anglo-Hanseatic War, restoring the status quo that had existed before the war, with the Kingdom of England and the states of the Hanseatic League agreeing to respect each others trading rights.[3]
- March 19 – The Senate of the Republic of Venice enacts the Venetian Patent Statute, one of the earliest patent systems in the world.[4] New and inventive devices, once put into practice, have to be communicated to the Republic to obtain the right to prevent others from using them. This is considered the first modern patent system.[5]
- April 24 – The members of the Hungarian nobility ratify the treaty with Poland after King Matthias had given his assent on February 27.[6]
- May 4 – A precedent is set in international regarding the trial of war crimes and the rejection of the "superior orders defense" (i.e., the defense that a person committing an atrocity was "just following orders") as Peter von Hagenbach is beheaded at Breisach following his death sentence for allowing his troops to murder and rape civilians during the Burgundian Wars.[7]
- May 9 – King James III of Scotland gives royal assent to numerous acts passed by the Scottish Parliament, including the [[Prescription Act 1474[]], the Money and Bullion Act, the Moveable Succession Act (regarding inheritance of movable goods of barons, gentlemen and freeholders) and the Deers and Rabbits Act.[8]
- May 14 – Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy, begins peace talks with rebels in the Electorate of Cologne in hopes of bringing an agreement that would make the Electorate a protectorate of Burgundy. The talks fail to get a result and Charles begins a war against Colognian cities a month later.[9]
- June 15 – Venetian captain general Triadan Gritti, with six armed galleys to protect the Albanian coast, destroys Ottoman forces attempting to take over the Albanian kingdom, and forces the others to retreat.[10]
- July 25 – By signing the Treaty of London, Charles the Bold of Burgundy agrees to support Edward IV of England's planned invasion of France.[11]
- October 14 – King Ferdinand of Naples sends his son, Prince Frederick
- November 2 – An alliance pact is signed between the Duchy of Milan, the Republic of Venice and the Republic of Florence
- December 12 – Upon the death of Henry IV of Castile, a civil war ensues between his designated successor Isabella I of Castile, and her niece Juana, who is supported by her husband, Afonso V of Portugal. Isabella wins the civil war after a lengthy struggle, when her husband, the newly crowned Ferdinand II of Aragon, comes to her aid.
Date unknown
- Marsilio Ficino completes his book Theologia Platonica (Platonic Theology).
- Axayacatl defeats the Matlatzinca of the Toluca Valley.
Births
- January 7 – Thihathura II of Ava (d. 1501)
- March 21 – Angela Merici, Italian religious leader and saint (d. 1540)
- May 5
- Juan Diego, Roman Catholic Saint from Mexico (d. 1548)
- Giovanni Stefano Ferrero, Italian cardinal (d. 1510)
- May 18 – Isabella d'Este, Marquise of Mantua (d. 1539)
- August 6 – Luigi de' Rossi, Italian cardinal (d. 1519)
- September 8 – Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet (d. 1533)[12]
- October 6 – Luigi d'Aragona, Italian cardinal (d. 1518)
- October 7 – Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden (d. 1536)
- October 13 – Mariotto Albertinelli, High Renaissance Italian painter of the Florentine school (d. 1515)
- November 7 – Lorenzo Campeggio, Italian Cardinal (d. 1539)
- November 8 – Francesco Vettori, Italian diplomat (d. 1539)
- November 11 – Bartolomé de las Casas, Spanish Dominican friar, historian, and social reformer (d. 1566)
- December 24 – Bartolomeo degli Organi, Italian musician (d. 1539)
- date unknown
- Anacaona, Taino queen and poet (d. 1503)
- Juan Diego, Mexican Catholic saint (d. 1548)
- Giacomo Pacchiarotti, Italian painter (d. 1539 or 1540)
- Cuthbert Tunstall, English bishop and diplomat (d. 1559)
- Humphrey Kynaston, English highwayman (d. 1534)
- probable
- Sebastian Cabot, Venetian explorer (d. c. 1557)[13]
- Edward Guilford, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports of England (d. 1534)
- Stephen Hawes, English poet (d. c. 1521)
- Sir John Seymour, English courtier (d. 1536)
- Perkin Warbeck, pretender to the throne of England (d. 1499)
Deaths
- January 3 – Pietro Riario, Catholic cardinal (b. 1447)
- March 22 – Iacopo III Appiani, Prince of Piombino (b. 1422)
- April 14 – Anna of Brunswick-Grubenhagen, daughter of Duke Eric I of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (b. 1414)
- April 30 – Queen Gonghye, Korean royal consort (b. 1456)
- May 4 – Alain de Coëtivy, Catholic cardinal (b. 1407)
- May 9
- Alfonso Vázquez de Acuña, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Jaén and Bishop of Mondoñedo (b. 1474)
- Peter von Hagenbach, Alsatian knight and ruler (b. 1423)
- May 11 – John Stanberry, Bishop of Hereford[14]
- May 14 – Ch'oe Hang, Korean politician (b. 1409)
- July 5 – Eric II, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (b. 1418)
- July 9 – Isotta degli Atti, Italian Renaissance woman (b. 1432)
- July 18 – Mahmud Pasha Angelović, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1420)
- August 1 – Walter Blount, 1st Baron Mountjoy, English politician (b. 1416)
- August 16 – Ricciarda of Saluzzo (b. 1410)
- August 26 – James III of Cyprus (b. 1473)
- September 21 – George I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (b. 1390)
- October 1 – Juan Pacheco, Spanish noble and politician (b. 1419)
- November – William Canynge, English merchant (b. c. 1399)
- November 27 – Guillaume Dufay, Flemish composer (b. 1397)[15]
- December 1 – Nicolò Marcello, Doge of Venice (b. 1397)
- December 11 – King Henry IV of Castile (b. 1425)[16]
- December 16 – Ali Qushji, Ottoman astronomer and mathematician (b. 1403)
- date unknown
- Gomes Eannes de Azurara, Portuguese chronicler (b. c. 1410)
- Antoinette de Maignelais, French royal favorite (b. 1434)
- Gendun Drup, 1st Dalai Lama (b. 1391)
- probable
- Walter Frye, English composer
- Jehan de Waurin, French chronicler
References
- ^ Lubkin, Gregory (1994). A Renaissance Court: Milan Under Galleazzo Maria Sforza. University of California Press. p. 18.
- ^ Bunyitay Vincze (1883–1884). A váradi püspökség története [History of the Episcopate of Várad] (in Hungarian). Nagyvárad, Hungary: Episcopate of Várad. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
- ^ Charles D. Stanton, Medieval Maritime Warfare (Pen & Sword Maritime, 2015) ISBN 978-1-78159/251-9
- ^ Ladas, Stephen Pericles (1975). Patents, Trademarks, and Related Rights: National and International Protection, Volume 1. Harvard University Press. pp. 6–7. ISBN 978-0-674-65775-5.
- ^ Schippel, Helmut (2001). "Die Anfänge des Erfinderschutzes in Venedig". In Lindgren, Uta (ed.). Europäische Technik im Mittelalter, 800 bis 1400: Tradition und Innovation (4. ed.). Berlin: Wolfgang Pfaller. pp. 539–550. ISBN 3-7861-1748-9.
- ^ József Köblös; Szilárd Süttő; Katalin Szende (2000). "1474. Lengyel-magyar békekötés (Ófalui béke)" [1474. Polish-Hungarian peace conclusion (peace of Ófalu)]. Magyar Békeszerződések 1000–1526 [Hungarian peace treaties 1000–1526] (in Hungarian). Pápa, Hungary: Jókai Mór Városi Könyvtár. pp. 198–206. ISBN 963-00-3094-2.
- ^ An Introduction to the International Criminal Court William A. Schabas, Cambridge University Press, Third Edition
- ^ "Acts of the Old Scottish Parliament: 1474". legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives.
- ^ Williams, Gareth (2014). "Fools Rush In: Charles the Bold and the Siege of Neuss". Medieval Warfare. 4 (4). Karwansaray BV: 22–26. eISSN 2589-3548. ISSN 2211-5129. JSTOR 48578371.
- ^ Božić, Ivan (1979), Nemirno pomorje XV veka [Troubled Seas, vol. 15] (in Serbian), Beograd: Srpska književna zadruga, p. 380, OCLC 5845972
- ^ Lander, J. R. (1981). Government and Community: England, 1450–1509. Harvard University Press. p. 287. ISBN 978-0-674-35794-5.
- ^ Peter G. Bietenholz; Thomas Brian Deutscher (January 1, 2003). Contemporaries of Erasmus: A Biographical Register of the Renaissance and Reformation. University of Toronto Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-8020-8577-1.
- ^ Plinio Prioreschi (1996). A History of Medicine: Renaissance medicine. Horatius Press. p. 65. ISBN 978-1-888456-06-6.
- ^ Exeter Diocesan Architectural and Archaeological Society (1867). Transactions of the Exeter Diocesan Architectural Society. Exeter, England: EDAAS. p. 218.
- ^ Reinhard Strohm (February 17, 2005). The Rise of European Music, 1380–1500. Cambridge University Press. p. 285. ISBN 978-0-521-61934-9.
- ^ The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2003. p. 733. ISBN 978-0-85229-961-6.