Zalambessa
Zalambessa
ዛላምበሳ | |
|---|---|
  Zalambessa Location within Ethiopia .svg.png) Zalambessa Location within the Horn of Africa  Zalambessa Location within Africa | |
| Coordinates: 14°31′33″N 39°23′9″E / 14.52583°N 39.38583°E | |
| Country |  Ethiopia |
| Region |  Tigray |
| Zone | Eastern Zone |
| Woreda | Gulomkada |
| Population (2005) | |
• Total | 10,551 |
| Time zone | UTC+03:00 |
Zalambessa (Tigrigna: ዛላምበሳ) is a town located in the Eastern Zone of Tigray Region, Ethiopia, about 42 kilometers north of Adigrat. It sits on the border with Eritrea
History
20th century
The original village of Zalambessa was fortified by Italian colonial forces during the period of 1936 and 1941. The fortifications were taken over by the Ethiopian military in 1952, when Eritrea was federated with Ethiopia. A portion of the village, named Tserona, remained under Eritrean administration.
During the Ethiopian Civil War, on 15 November 1989, Zalambessa was bombed by the Ethiopian Air Force; no fatalities were reported.[1]
The town's precise border became an issue before and during the Eritrean-Ethiopian War (1998–2000).[2] After the war, the town was left in ruins.[3]
21st century
In 2000, Eritrea and Ethiopia signed the Algiers Agreement, which forwarded the border dispute to a boundary commission at the Hague. In the agreement, both parties agreed in advance to comply with the commission's decision. In 2002, a ruling was issued, placing Tserona inside Eritrean territory and Zalambessa within Ethiopia.
According to the Eritrean ministry of information, Ethiopian armed forces crossed the border early on New Year's Day of 2010 and engaged in a fierce battle with Eritrean troops, before quickly withdrawing back over the border, after losing ten soldiers and two more being taken prisoner. Ethiopian government spokesman Bereket Simon denied that any armed incursion had taken place.[4]
Economy
Then-Kuwaiti prime minister Nasser Mohammed Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah announced in July 2009, during a three-day visit to Ethiopia, that his country would provide a $63 million loan to the nation, part of which would be used to build a road between Wukro and Zalambessa.[5]
On 11 September 2018, the Serha-Zalambesa border crossing between Eritrea and Ethiopia reopened for the first time since 1998.[6]
Demographics
Based on figures the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia released in 2005, Zalambessa had an estimated total population of 10,551, of whom 5,176 were men and 5,375 were women.[7]
See also
References
- ^ "Ethiopia: 'Mengistu has Decided to Burn us like Wood'". Human Rights Watch. 24 July 1990. Archived from the original on 31 August 2003.
- ^ Killion, Tom (1998). Historical Dictionary of Eritrea. ISBN 0-8108-3437-5.
- ^ Alex Last (26 May 2000). "Eritrea's 'tactical retreat'". BBC News. Archived from the original on 19 April 2013.
- ^ "Eritrea says 10 Ethiopian troop killed". TVNZ.co.nz. Reuters. 4 January 2010. Archived from the original on 6 October 2012.
- ^ "Kuwait Loans Ethiopia EUR45 Million for Electricity, Roads – Report", Addis Live website, 21 July 2009 (accessed 19 August 2009)
- ^ Ahmed, Hadra (11 September 2018). "Ethiopia-Eritrea Border Opens for First Time in 20 Years". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 March 2020.
- ^ "Population (Table B.4)". csa.gov.et. Archived from the original on 23 November 2006.