Turnpike trusts in the East of England
This is a list of turnpike trusts that maintained roads in the East of England.
Between 1663 and 1836, the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed a series of acts of Parliament that created organisations - turnpike trusts – that collected road tolls, and used the money to repair the road. These applied to major roads, around a fifth of the road network.[1] The turnpike system was phased out in the 1870s, and major roads transitioned in the 1880s to the maintenance of the new county councils.
The counties used for these lists are the historic counties of England that existed at the time of the turnpike trusts. This article lists those in the east of England: Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Norfolk and Suffolk.
Bedfordshire
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Barford Turnpike Trust (Cardington to Temsford Bridge Turnpike Trust) |
1772 | 12 Geo. 3. c. 107 | Bedford Roads (No. 2) Act 1772 An Act for repairing and widening the Road from the Forty-eighth Mile Stone, in the Parish of Cardington, in the present Turnpike Road between Hitchin and Bedford, to Great Barford Bridge; and for continuing a Road from thence to the Great Northern Road near Temsford Bridge, in the County of Bedford. |
| Bedford and Kimbolton Turnpike Trust | 1795 | 35 Geo. 3. c. 148 | Bedford to Kimbolton Road Act 1795 An Act for repairing, widening, and altering, the road leading from The Way Post, at the north-east end of the town of Bedford, in the county of Bedford, to the north-east end of a lane, in the parish of Kimbolton, in the county of Huntingdon, called The Park Lane. |
| Bedford and Luton Turnpike Trust | 1726 | 13 Geo. 1. c. 17 | Luton and Saint Albans Road Act 1726 An Act for amending and repairing the Road from Luton, in the County of Bedford, to Westwood Gate, in the said County. |
| Bedford and Newport Pagnell Turnpike Trust (Bedford to Sherrington Turnpike Trust) |
1754 | 27 Geo. 2. c. 34 | |
| Bedford and Woburn Turnpike Trust | 1777 | 17 Geo. 3. c. 94 | |
| Biggleswade to Alconbury Hill Turnpike Trust | 1724 | 11 Geo. 1. c. 20 | |
| Great Staughton to Lavendon Turnpike Trust | 1802 | 42 Geo. 3. c. lxiv | |
| Hitchin and Bedford Turnpike Trust | 1757 | 30 Geo. 2. c. 43 | |
| Hockliffe and Woburn Turnpike Trust | 1706 | 6 Ann. c. 13 | Bedfordshire Highways Act 1706 An Act for repairing the Highway between Hockliffe and Wooborne, in the County of Bedford. |
| Luton District Turnpike Trust | 1726 | 13 Geo. 1. c. 17 | Luton and Saint Albans Road Act 1726 An Act for amending and repairing the Road from Luton, in the County of Bedford, to Westwood Gate, in the said County. |
| Potton Road Turnpike Trust | 1814 | 54 Geo. 3. c. clxxx | Road from Potton to the Gamlingay and Eynesbury Road Act 1814 An Act for repairing the Road from Potton in the County of Bedford, and Gamlingay in the County of Cambridge, to Eynesbury in the County of Huntingdon. |
| Puddlehill Turnpike Trust | 1710 | 9 Ann. c. 34 | Dunstable Highways Act 1710 An Act for repairing the Highways between Dunstable and Hockley, in the County of Bedford. |
Cambridgeshire
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Arrington Turnpike Trust | |||
| Cambridge to Ely and Soham (South District) Turnpike Trust | |||
| Hauxton and Dunsbridge Turnpike Trust | |||
| Littleport to Welney (North west district) Turnpike Trust | |||
| Newmarket Heath Turnpike Trust | |||
| Paper Mills Turnpike Trust | |||
| Red Cross Turnpike Trust | |||
| Royston to Wandesford Bridge (South District) Turnpike Trust | |||
| St Neots to Cambridge Turnpike Trust | |||
| Stump Cross Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wisbech Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wisbech and Thorney Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wrestlingworth and Potton Turnpike Trust | |||
Essex
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Barking and Tibury Fort Road Turnpike Trust | 1808 | 48 Geo. 3. c. xcii | Tilbury Fort Road Act 1808 |
| Chelmsford Turnpike Trust | 1695 | 7 & 8 Will. 3. c. 9 | London to Harwich Roads Act 1695 An Act for repairing the Highways betweene the City of London and the Towne of Harwich in the County of Essex. |
| Coggeshall and Bocking Turnpike Trust | 1765 | 5 Geo. 3. c. 60 | |
| Colchester Turnpike Trust | 1695 | 7 & 8 Will. 3. c. 9 | London to Harwich Roads Act 1695 An Act for repairing the Highways betweene the City of London and the Towne of Harwich in the County of Essex. |
| Dunmow Turnpike Trust | 1725 | 12 Geo. 1. c. 23 | |
| Epping and Ongar Turnpike Trust | 1787 | 27 Geo. 3. c. 69 | Epping and Ongar Road Act 1787 An Act for continuing and enlarging the Term and Powers of several Acts made in the Tenth Year of the Reign of King George the First, the Sixteenth Year of the Reign of King George the Second, and the Ninth Year of the Reign of His present Majesty, for repairing the Road from the North Part of Harlow Bush Common in the Parish of Harlow, to Woodford in the County of Essex; and for repairing and widening the Road from Epping through the Parishes of Northweald Bassett, Bobbingworth, High Ongar, Chipping Ongar, and Shelley, to the Four Want Way in the said Parish of Shelley, and from thence through the Parishes of High Ongar and Norton Mandeville to the Parish of Writtle in the said County. |
| Essex Second District Turnpike Trust | 1695 | 7 & 8 Will. 3. c. 9 | London to Harwich Roads Act 1695 An Act for repairing the Highways betweene the City of London and the Towne of Harwich in the County of Essex. |
| Halsted Turnpike Trust | 1725 | 12 Geo. 1. c. 23 | |
| Hockerill Turnpike Trust | 1743 | 17 Geo. 2. c. 9 | |
| Middlesex and Essex Turnpike Trust | 1721 | 8 Geo. 1. c. 30 | Whitechapel Highways Act 1721 An Act for repairing the Highways from The Stones-end at White Chappel Church, in the County of Middlesex, to Shenfield, and to the furthermost Part of the Parish of Woodford, leading to the Town of Epping, in the County of Essex. |
| Notley Turnpike Trust | 1725 | 12 Geo. 1. c. 23 | |
| Rochford Hundred Turnpike Trust | 1746 | 20 Geo. 2. c. 7 | |
| Shenfield to Harwich Turnpike Trust | 1695 | 7 & 8 Will. 3. c. 9 | London to Harwich Roads Act 1695 An Act for repairing the Highways betweene the City of London and the Towne of Harwich in the County of Essex. |
| Thundersley to Hornden Turnpike Trust | 1793 | 33 Geo. 3. c. 149 | Essex Roads (No. 2) Act 1793 An Act for repairing and widening the Roads from Hadley Turnpike Gate to Stifford Bridge, and from a Farm House called Tarpotts, to the Town of South Benfleet, and from the Pound in the Town of Brentwood to Tilbury Fort, and from Billericay to Horndon-on-the-Hill, and from Stanford Bridge to Purfleet, in the County of Essex. |
Hertfordshire
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Baldock and Bournbridge Turnpike Trust | |||
| Cheshunt Turnpike Trust | |||
| Dunstable Turnpike Trust | |||
| Enfield Chase or Galley Corner Turnpike Trust | |||
| Galley Corner to Lemsford Turnpike Trust | 1730 | 3 Geo. 2. c. 10 | Middlesex and Hertford Roads Act 1729 An Act for repairing the Road leading from Galley Corner, adjoining to Enfield Chase, in the Parish of South Minis, in the County of Middlesex, to Lemsford Mill, in the County of Hertford. |
| Hockerill Turnpike Trust | |||
| Pondyards (St. Albans) and Barnet Turnpike Trust | |||
| Reading and Hatfield Turnpike Trust | |||
| Sparrows Herne Turnpike Trust | |||
| Stevenage and Biggleswade Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wadesmill Turnpike Trust | |||
| Watton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Welwyn Turnpike Trust | |||
Huntingdonshire
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Bury and Stratton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Godmanchester and Hartford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Godmanchester to Cambridge Turnpike Trust | |||
| Kimbolton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Oundle to Alconbury Turnpike Trust | |||
| Ramsey to Huntingdon Turnpike Trust | |||
| Somersham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Stilton Turnpike Trust | |||
Norfolk
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Aylsham and Cromer Turnpike Trust | |||
| Downham and Fincham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Ely to Downham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Great Yarmouth to Acle and Branches Turnpike Trust | |||
| King's Lynn to Hillington Turnpike Trust | |||
| Lynn – East Gate (Dersingham and Hillington) Turnpike Trust | |||
| Lynn – South Gate Turnpike Trust | |||
| Lynn and Wisbech Turnpike Trust | |||
| New Buckenham Turnpike Trust | |||
| North Walsham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Norwich and Fakenham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Norwich and Scole Turnpike Trust | |||
| Norwich and Swaffham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Norwich and Watton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Norwich and Yarmouth Turnpike Trust | |||
| Norwich to Block Hill Turnpike Trust | |||
| Stoke Ferry Turnpike Trust | |||
| Thetford (to Norwich) Turnpike Trust | |||
| Wells to Fakenham Turnpike Trust | |||
Suffolk
| Trust | Founded | Initial act | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citation | Title | ||
| Aldeburgh to Yoxford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Brandon and Barton Turnpike Trust | |||
| Bury St Edmunds and Newmarket Turnpike Trust | |||
| Bury St Edmunds to Cranwich Turnpike Trust | |||
| Claydon, Blakenham, Brockford and Stowmarket Turnpike Trust | |||
| Haverhill to Shelford Turnpike Trust | |||
| Ipswich to Debenham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Ipswich to Helmingham Turnpike Trust | |||
| Ipswich to South Town, and Darsham to Bungay Turnpike Trust | |||
| Ipswich to Stratford St Mary Turnpike Trust | |||
| Lakenheath and Hockwold Turnpike Trust | |||
| Little Yarmouth Turnpike Trust | |||
| Mildenhall Burntfen Turnpike Trust | |||
| Scole Bridge to Bury St Edmunds Turnpike Trust | |||
| South Town Turnpike Trust | |||
| Sudbury to Bury St Edmunds Turnpike Trust | |||
| Thetford and Newmarket Turnpike Trust | |||
| Woodbridge to Eye Turnpike Trust | |||
References
- Rosevear, Alan. "List of English Turnpike Trusts". Turnpike Roads in England & Wales.
- "Bedfordshire Turnpikes". Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts.
- "Cambridgeshire Turnpikes". Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts.
- "Essex Turnpikes". Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts.
- "Hertfordshire Turnpikes". Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts.
- "Huntingdonshire Turnpikes". Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts.
- "Norfolk Turnpikes". Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts.
- "Suffolk Turnpikes". Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts.
- Albert, William (2007). The Turnpike Road System in England: 1663-1840. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521033916.
- ^ "Turnpikes and tolls". UK Parliament.