Silver chlorate

Silver chlorate
Silver(I) chlorate
Silver(I) chlorate
Names
IUPAC name
Silver(I) chlorate
Systematic IUPAC name
Silver(I) chlorate(V)
Other names
Argentous chlorate[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.122
EC Number
  • 232-034-9
UNII
  • InChI=1S/Ag.ClHO3/c;2-1(3)4/h;(H,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1 checkY
    Key: SDLBJIZEEMKQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
  • InChI=1/Ag.ClHO3/c;2-1(3)4/h;(H,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1
    Key: SDLBJIZEEMKQKY-REWHXWOFAI
  • [Ag+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O
Properties
AgClO3
Molar mass 191.32 g·mol−1
Appearance white crystals
Density
  • 4.42–4.44 g/cm3 (tetragonal)
  • 4.21 g/cm3 (cubic)
Melting point 230 °C (446 °F; 503 K)[2]
Boiling point 270 °C (518 °F; 543 K)[2] (decomposes)
slightly soluble
Solubility in alcohols soluble
Structure
tetragonal or cubic
Hazards[1]
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Oxidizing solids (Category 2), H272
Inhalation hazards
 Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3), Respiratory system, H335
Eye hazards
 Eye irritation (Category 2A), H319
Skin hazards
 Skin irritation (Category 2), H315
GHS labelling:
GHS03: OxidizingGHS07: Exclamation mark
Danger
H272, H315, H319, H335
P210, P220, P221, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340+P312, P305+P351+P338, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g. potassium perchlorate
2
0
1
OX
0.01 mg/m3 (TWA)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 0.01 mg/m3
REL (Recommended)
 0.01 mg/m3
Related compounds
Other anions
Other cations
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Silver chlorate is an inorganic compound with molecular formula AgClO3. It exists in two forms: white tetragonal prisms, and cubic crystals.[3][2][4] Like all chlorates, it is water-soluble and an oxidizing agent. As a simple metal salt, it is a common chemical in basic inorganic chemistry experiments. It is light-sensitive, so it must be stored in tightly closed dark-coloured containers.[5]

Silver(I) means silver is in its normal +1 oxidation state.

Production

Silver chlorate is produced by the reaction of silver nitrate with sodium chlorate to produce both silver chlorate and sodium nitrate:[5]

AgNO3 + NaClO3 → AgClO3 + NaNO3

Alternatively, it may be produced by the bubbling of chlorine gas through a suspension of silver oxide (Ag2O), or by dissolving Ag2O or metallic silver in chloric acid.[2]

Safety

Aside from the potential dangers associated with strong oxidizers, silver chlorate may cause argyria, eye irritation, skin irritation, and temporary respiratory issues.[6]

It also has the potential to explode when heated very rapidly, or if exposed to ammonia which may form the explosive complex triamminesilver chlorate (AgClO3·3NH3).[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver chlorate. Retrieved on 28 July 2025.
  2. ^ a b c d e Fedoroff, Basil T.; Sheffield, Oliver E.; Clift, George D.; Reese, Earl F. (1 January 1962). "C". Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items: Vol 2 (B (Explosif) through Chloric acid) (PDF). Picatinny Arsenal, NJ: Army Armament Research Development and Engineering Center: Warheads, Energetics, and Combat Support Armaments Research Center. p. C197. Retrieved 28 July 2025.
  3. ^ Náray-Szabó, St. v.; Pócza, J. (January 1942). "Die Struktur des Silberchlorats AgClO3". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (in German). 104 (1): 28–38. doi:10.1524/zkri.1942.104.1.28. S2CID 102075872.
  4. ^ Deshpande, Vilas; Suryanarayana, S V; Frantz, C (December 1982). "Tetragonal to cubic phase transition in silver chlorate". Bulletin of Materials Science. 4 (5): 563–568. doi:10.1007/BF02824963.
  5. ^ a b Glemser, O.; Sauer, H. (1965). "19. Copper, Silver, Gold". In Brauer, Georg (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry v2 (2nd ed.). New York, USA: Academic Press. p. 1037. ISBN 0-323-16129-4. Retrieved 28 July 2025.
  6. ^ "SDS: Silver Chlorate". www.sigmaaldrich.com. Sigma-Aldrich. p. 8. Retrieved 28 July 2025. May cause argyria (a slate-gray or bluish discoloration of the skin and deep tissues due to the deposit of insoluble albuminate of silver)., To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
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