Myriopteris lendigera

Myriopteris lendigera

Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Family: Pteridaceae
Genus: Myriopteris
Species:
M. lendigera
Binomial name
Myriopteris lendigera
(Cav.) J.Sm.
Synonyms
  • Adiantum lendigerum (Cav.) Poir.
  • Cheilanthes lendigera (Cav.) Sw.
  • Pteris lendigera Cav.

Myriopteris lendigera is a species of cheilanthoid fern with the common name nit-bearing lip fern.[2]

Description

Myriopteris lendigera grows from long creeping rhizomes 1–3 mm in diameter with dark brown scales. Leaves can be scattered or clustered and range in length from 5 to 30 cm. The petiole is usually dark brown. The leaf blade is ovate-deltate to oblong-lanceolate and usually 4-pinnate (subdivided 3 times) at the leaf base. The blade is 1.5 to 8 cm (0.6 to 3.1 in) wide. The ultimate leaflet segments are round to slightly oblong and appear beadlike, with a diameter of 1–3 mm. Their abaxial (lower) surface is sparsely to moderately pubescent with coarse hairs and the adaxial (upper) surface is glabrous. Each leaflet curls under at the edge to form a false indusium. The spore-bearing sori are usually continuous around segment margins.[3]

Range and habitat

Myriopteris lendigera is native to mountains in central and northern Mexico, Central America, Arizona and Texas in the United States, and extends into northeastern South America. It grows on rocky slopes and ledges, usually on igneous substrates, at altitudes from 1,300 to 2,400 m (4,300 to 7,900 ft).

Taxonomy

The species was first described as Pteris lendigera by Antonio José Cavanilles in 1802, based on specimens collected by Luis Née in South America.[4] He did not explain his choice of epithet, which means "nit-bearing". It probably refers to the small, round shape of the leaf segments and the broad false indusium nearly covering their underside, which gives them an appearance similar to small beads or nits.[5] In 1806, Olof Swartz transferred the species to the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes lendigera.[6] This placement would be widely accepted over the next two centuries, despite alternative arrangements, such as its transfer to Adiantum as A. lendigerum by Jean Louis Marie Poiret in Lamarck's Encyclopédie Méthodique, Botanique in 1810.[7]

Members of the genus Cheilanthes as historically defined (which includes Myriopteris) are commonly known as "lip ferns" due to the lip-like (false) indusium formed by the leaf margins curling over the sori.[8] This species is commonly known as beaded lip fern.[9][10][11]

Cultivation

This fern is easily cultivated, and should be grown under high light in well-drained soil. The soil should be dry to moist-dry.[11]

References

Works cited

  • Cavanilles, Antonio Josef Cavanilles (1802). Descripcion de las Plantas (in Spanish). Madrid: La Imprenta Real.
  • Clute, Willard N. (1901). Our Ferns in Their Haunts. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Co.
  • Diggs, George M. Jr.; Lipscomb, Barney L. (2014). The Ferns and Lycophytes of Texas. Fort Worth, Texas: Botanical Research Institute of Texas Press. ISBN 978-1-889878-37-9.
  • Fée, A.L.A. (1852). Mémoires sur la famille des fougères (in French). Vol. 5. Strasbourg: Veuve Berger-Levrault.
  • Lellinger, David B. (1985). A Field Manual of the Ferns & Fern-Allies of the United States & Canada. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 0874746035.
  • Swartz, Olof (1806). Synopsis Filicum (in Latin). Kiel: Impensis Bibliopolii Novi Academici.
  • Grusz, Amanda L.; Windham, Michael D. (2013). "Toward a monophyletic Cheilanthes: The resurrection and recircumscription of Myriopteris (Pteridaceae)". PhytoKeys (32): 49–64. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.32.6733. PMC 3881352. PMID 24399906.
  • Grusz, Amanda L.; Windham, Michael D.; Yatskievych, George; Huiet, Lane; Gastony, Gerald J.; Pryer, Kathleen M. (2014). "Patterns of Diversification in the Xeric-adapted Fern Genus Myriopteris (Pteridaceae)" (PDF). Systematic Botany. 39 (3): 698–714. doi:10.1600/036364414X681518. JSTOR 24546228.
  • Hoshizaki, Barbara Joe; Moran, Robbin C. (2001). Fern Grower's Manual. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. ISBN 9780881924954.
  • Poiret, Jean Louis Marie (1810). "Adiante à feuilles lenticulée". Encyclopédie méthodique. Botanique (in French). Vol. 1 (Supplement). Paris: H. Agasse.
  • Stolze, Robert G. (1981). "Ferns and Fern Allies of Guatemala Part II Polypodiaceae". Fieldiana. Botany. New Series (6). ISSN 0015-0746.
  • Windham, Michael D.; Rabe, Eric W. (1993). "Cheilanthes lendigera". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. 2: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Citations

  1. ^ NatureServe (November 1, 2024). "Cheilanthes lendigera". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
  2. ^ "Myriopteris lendigera (Nit-Bearing Lip Fern)". iNaturalist. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  3. ^ "SEINet Portal Network - Myriopteris lendigera". swbiodiversity.org. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
  4. ^ Cavanilles 1802, p. 268.
  5. ^ Diggs & Lipscomb 2014, p. 242.
  6. ^ Swartz 1806, p. 128.
  7. ^ Poiret 1810.
  8. ^ Clute 1901, pp. 237, 242.
  9. ^ Windham & Rabe 1993.
  10. ^ Lellinger 1985, p. 143.
  11. ^ a b Hoshizaki & Moran 2001, p. 241.

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