Mongolia–United Kingdom relations

Mongolia–United Kingdom relations
Map indicating locations of Mongolia and United Kingdom

Mongolia
United Kingdom
British Foreign Secretary David Cameron with Mongolian Foreign Minister Battsetseg Batmunkh in Ulaanbaatar, April 2024.

Mongolia–United Kingdom relations entail the diplomatic, historical, and bilateral relations between Mongolia and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 January 1963.[1]

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Air Services Agreement,[2] a Development Partnership,[3] a Double Taxation Agreement,[4] and an Investment Agreement.[5]

History

In 1963, the United Kingdom was the first Western country to establish diplomatic ties with Mongolia.[6][7] In July 1989, Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat visited the United Kingdom and the two nations signed economic agreements.[8]

Both countries have described their relationship as "close".[9] The Prime Minister of Mongolia last visited the UK in July 2015, where he addressed Asia House.[10] Hugo Swire also addressed Asia House and praised Mongolia's investments in tackling climate change and the abolition of the death penalty in 2012, describing Mongolia as a "a leading voice among its neighbours".[11]

Assistance and relationship

The United Kingdom has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar, while Mongolia has an embassy in London. The United Kingdom is the consular responsible for a number of EU and Commonwealth citizens. Fiona Blyth has served as British Ambassador since 2023,[12] while Enkhsukh Battumur has served as Mongolian Ambassador since 2022.[13]


Trade and investment ties are strong and fast-growing. British-Australian company Rio Tinto is operating the Oyu Tolgoi mine,[14] one of the largest in the world. Around 7,000 British citizens visit Mongolia each year and around 4,000 Mongolians are resident in the UK.

Diplomatic missions

Mongolian embassy in London, United Kingdom.

See also

References

  1. ^ British Embassy Ulaanbaatar (25 January 2019). "UK-Mongolia celebrating fifty years of diplomatic relations". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 31 July 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
  2. ^ British Embassy Ulaanbaatar (7 February 2024). "Air Services Agreement signed between UK and Mongolia". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 7 February 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
  3. ^ Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (17 July 2023). "Country and regional development partnership summaries". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 27 May 2024.
  4. ^ HM Revenue and Customs (27 March 2009). "Mongolia: tax treaties". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 16 July 2025. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  5. ^ "Mongolia - United Kingdom BIT (1991)". UN Trade and Development. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
  6. ^ "British Embassy Ulaanbaatar – GOV.UK". gov.uk. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  7. ^ "Mongolia, UK Celebrate 60th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relations". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
  8. ^ Sanders, Alan J. K. (1990). "Mongolia in 1989: Year of Adjustment". Asian Survey. 30 (1): 59–66. doi:10.2307/2644773. ISSN 0004-4687. JSTOR 2644773.
  9. ^ "Bilateral relations between Mongolia and the United Kingdom |". embassyofmongolia.co.uk. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  10. ^ "Prime Minister of Mongolia to speak at Asia House conference". asiahouse.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  11. ^ "Hugo Swire speaks on investment in Mongolia - Speeches - GOV.UK". gov.uk. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  12. ^ "UK Ambassador to Mongolia". gov.uk. Retrieved 11 July 2025.
  13. ^ "Mongolia Ambassador to UK". embassyofmongolia.co.uk. Retrieved 11 July 2025.
  14. ^ "Inside Rio Tinto's $US6bn Mongolian deal | afr.com". afr.com. 19 May 2015. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  15. ^ "Mongolia". Diplomat Magazine. Archived from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  16. ^ "British Embassy Ulaanbaatar". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 13 September 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
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