List of nearest hypergiants
This is a list of the nearest hypergiant stars to Earth, located at a distance of up to 10,000 light-years (3,100 parsecs) from Earth.
While hypergiants are typically defined as stars with luminosity classes 0, Ia-0 or Ia+, other definitions exist, such as those based on stellar evolution. Therefore, stars with other luminosity classes can sometimes be considered hypergiants.
List
| Name | Distance (ly) | Spectral type | Stellar radius (R☉) | Stellar mass (M☉) | Stellar luminosity (L☉) | Apparent magnitude (V) | Notes and References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mu Cephei | 2090-3060 | M2-Ia (M2e Ia or M2 Ia+) | 972±228 | 25 | 269000+111000 −40000 |
4.08 | [1] |
| VV Cephei A | 3,319 – 4900 | M2 Iab (M1p 0) | 660, 1,050 | 2.5 or 18.2 | 72,880±16,300 | 4.91 | [2] |
| VY Canis Majoris | 3820+260 −230 |
M3-M4.5 (M2.5-M5Iae) | 1420±120 | 17±8 | 270000±40000 | 6.5-9.6 | [3][4] |
| HD 183143 (HT Sagittae) | 4990±550 | B6-8 Ia-0 | 109±15 | 24.2±1.4 | 288000+83000 −65000 |
6.71-6.95 | |
| HD 168625 (V4030 Sagittarii) | 5000±200 | B6Ia+ (B2-B8) | 105 | 380000 | 8.30-8.41 | ||
| HD 168607 (V4029 Sagittarii) | 5100±500 | B9Ia+ | 187 | 240000 | 8.12-8.29 | ||
| NML Cygni | 5250+420 −360 |
M4.5–M7.9 Ia–III | 1,350+195
−229 |
25 | 229,000+40,000
−41,000, 270,000+50,000 −50,000 |
16.60 | |
| P Cygni | 5300±590 | B1-2Ia-0ep (B1 lapeq) | 76 | 37 | 610000 | 4.82 | |
| Cygnus OB2-12 | 5300±590 | B3-4Ia+ | 264 | 110 | 1660000 | 11.702 | |
| V915 Scorpii | 5600+570 −370 |
K0Ia-0 | 685.6 | 14.7 | 74,100–185,200 | 6.22 - 6.64 | |
| Zeta¹ Scorpii | 6000 | B1.5Ia+ | 103 to 125.5 | 36 to 53 | 8.5×105 | 4.705 | [5] |
| V382 Carinae | 6,000 | G0-4-Ia+ | 485 ± 56 | 24±5.1 | 212,000 ± 12,300 | 3.83 | |
| V602 Carinae | 7000 | M3 Ia-Iab | 1,015 | 17.7 - 20 | 126,000 | 8.39 | |
| S Persei | 7900±300 | M3 Iae–M7 | 1,298+64-57 – 1,364±6 | 20 | 123,000 – 186,000 | 9.23 | |
| 6 Cassiopeiae | 8000 | A2.5Ia+ | 193 | 22.0 | 200000 | 5.34-5.45 | |
| Rho Cassiopeiae | 8150±1630 | G2 0 (F8pIa-K0pIa-0) | 564 or 700 | 40 | 300000-530000 | 4.1 to 6.2 | [6] |
| BP Crucis | 9915.154 | B1 Ia+ | 70 | 43 | 470,000 | 10.83 | [7] |
Notes
See also
- Lists of stars
- List of nearest supergiants
- List of nearest giant stars
- Lists of astronomical objects
- List of nearest stars
References
- ^ Mozurkewich, D.; Armstrong, J. T.; Hindsley, R. B.; Quirrenbach, A.; Hummel, C. A.; Hutter, D. J.; Johnston, K. J.; Hajian, A. R.; Elias, Nicholas M.; Buscher, D. F.; Simon, R. S. (2003). "Angular Diameters of Stars from the Mark III Optical Interferometer". The Astronomical Journal. 126 (5): 2502. Bibcode:2003AJ....126.2502M. doi:10.1086/378596. S2CID 67789347.
- ^ Rodriguez, Joseph E.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Lund, Michael B.; Siverd, Robert J.; Pepper, Joshua; Tang, Sumin; Kafka, Stella; Gaudi, B. Scott; Conroy, Kyle E.; Beatty, Thomas G.; Stevens, Daniel J.; Shappee, Benjamin J. (May 2016). "An extreme analogue of ε Aurigae: an M-giant eclipsed every 69 years by a large opaque disk surrounding a small hot source". The Astronomical Journal. 151 (5): 123. arXiv:1601.00135. Bibcode:2016AJ....151..123R. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/5/123. S2CID 24349954.
- ^ Massey, Philip; Levesque, Emily M.; Plez, Bertrand (2006-08-01). "Bringing VY Canis Majoris down to size: an improved determination of its effective temperature". The Astrophysical Journal. 646 (2): 1203–1208. arXiv:astro-ph/0604253. Bibcode:2006ApJ...646.1203M. doi:10.1086/505025. S2CID 14314968.
- ^ Humphreys, Roberta M. (2006). "VY Canis Majoris: The Astrophysical Basis of Its Luminosity". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 38: 1047. arXiv:astro-ph/0610433. Bibcode:2006AAS...20910109G.
- ^ "* zet01 Sco". SIMBAD. Retrieved 2025-03-01.
- ^ "* rho Cas". SIMBAD. Retrieved 2025-03-01.
- ^ "V* BP Crucis". SIMBAD. Retrieved 2025-03-01.
External links
- Samus NN, Kazarovets EV, Durlevich OV, Kireeva NN, Pastukhova EN (2017). "General Catalogue of Variable Stars: Version GCVS 5.1". Astronomy Reports. 61 (1): 80–88. Bibcode:2017ARep...61...80S. doi:10.1134/S1063772917010085. ISSN 1063-7729. S2CID 255195566.