List of endangered languages in Indonesia

Language Endangerment Status
Extinct (EX)
  • Extinct (EX)
Endangered
  • Critically Endangered (CR)
  • Severely Endangered (SE)
  • Definitely Endangered (DE)
  • Vulnerable (VU)
  • (list)
  • (list)
  • (list)
  • (list)
Safe
  • no list
Other categories
Related topics
UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger category
UNESCO Atlas of the World's
Languages in Danger categories

An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native speakers, it becomes an extinct language. UNESCO defines four levels of language endangerment between "safe" (not endangered) and "extinct":[1]

  • Vulnerable
  • Definitely endangered
  • Severely endangered
  • Critically endangered
Language Family Locations Status Speakers Comments Ref
Alune language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable Alune people  
Amahai language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered    
Ampibabo Lauje language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Andio language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Anus language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered Korur language  
Aputai language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered Wetarese languages  
Arguni language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable    
As language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable Raja Ampat languages  
Auye language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable    
Awera language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable    
Awyi language[1] Border  Papua Vulnerable    
Bahonsuai language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Baleasang language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Baras language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Severely endangered    
Bedoanas language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable    
Benggoi language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Besoa language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable Badaic language  
Biak language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable    
Boano language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Bonerif[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Critically endangered Beneraf language  
Bonggo language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered    
Budong-Budong language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Critically endangered    
Burate language[1] East Cendrawasih  Papua Severely endangered    
Busoa language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Dabra language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable    
Dakka language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Damal language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable Amung language  
Dampelas language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Demisa language[1] East Cendrawasih  Papua Definitely endangered    
Dondo language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Doutai language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Severely endangered    
Dubu language[1] Pauwasi  Papua Vulnerable Tebi language  
Duriankere language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Critically endangered    
Dusner language[1] Austronesian  Papua Critically endangered    
Emplawas language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Enggano language[1] Austronesian  Sumatra Vulnerable    
Erokwanas language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable    
Fayu language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable    
Foya language[1] Language isolate  Papua Critically endangered Foja Mountains  
Gebe language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable    
Gorap language[1] Malay creole  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Helong language[1] Austronesian  Nusa Tenggara Severely endangered    
Hoti language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered    
Hulung language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered    
Ibu language[1] West Papuan  Maluku Critically endangered    
Iresim language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered    
Isirawa language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Vulnerable    
Itik language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Vulnerable    
Javindo Creole language[1] Dutch creole  Java Critically endangered    
Kadai language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Kaibobo language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Kaiy language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable    
Kalao language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Kamarian language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered    
Kao language[1] West Papuan  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Kapori language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Critically endangered    
Karas language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Severely endangered    
Kayupulau language[1] Austronesian  Papua Critically endangered    
Keder language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Severely endangered    
Kembra language[1] Pauwasi  Papua Critically endangered    
Kodeoha language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Kofei language[1] East Cendrawasih  Papua Severely endangered    
Koneraw language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable    
Koroni language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Kowiai language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable    
Kwansu language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Vulnerable    
Kwerisa language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Critically endangered    
Laiyolo language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Lauje language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Legenyem language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable    
Lemolang language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Lengilu language[1] Austronesian  Kalimantan Critically endangered    
Liki language[1] Austronesian  Papua Critically endangered    
Lisela language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable    
Lola language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable    
Lolak language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Critically endangered    
Lom language[1] Austronesian  Sumatra Critically endangered Bangka Malay  
Loun language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered    
Mander language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Critically endangered    
Mansim language[1] West Papuan  Papua Critically endangered    
Maremgi language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Definitely endangered    
Massep language[1] Language isolate  Papua Critically endangered    
Momuna language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable    
Mor language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Severely endangered    
Moraori language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Severely endangered Morori language  
Napu language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable Badaic language  
Narau language[1] Kaure–Kosare  Papua Severely endangered    
Nila language (Seram Island), Nila[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Nusa Laut language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered    
Obokuitai language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable    
Oirata language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Onin language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable    
Ormu language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable    
Padoe language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Palu'e language[1] Austronesian  Nusa Tenggara Definitely endangered    
Panasuan language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Paulohi language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered    
Pauwi language[1] Lower Mamberamo  Papua Vulnerable    
Peco' Creole language[1] Dutch Creole  Java Critically endangered    
Pendau language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Pyu language[1] Language isolate  Papua Severely endangered    
Rahambuu language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Salas language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Severely endangered    
Saluan language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Saparua language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Saponi language[1] Language isolate  Papua Critically endangered    
Sause language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Severely endangered    
Senggi language[1] Border  Papua Vulnerable    
Serili language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable    
Sobei language[1] Austronesian  Papua Definitely endangered    
Taba language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable    
Taikat language[1] Border  Papua Definitely endangered    
Taje language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Critically endangered    
Tajio language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Taloki language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Talondo language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Tarpia language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered    
Tause language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable    
Taworta language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable    
Te'un language (Seram Island)[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Tialo language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Tobati language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered    
Tofanma language[1] Pauwasi  Papua Vulnerable    
Tomadino language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Tombelala language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Toratán language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Totoli language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Uhunduni language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable    
Ujir language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered    
Usku language[1] Pauwasi  Papua Critically endangered    
Wano language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Definitely endangered    
Wari language[1] Austronesian  Papua Definitely endangered    
Waru language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered    
Woria language[1] East Cendrawasih  Papua Critically endangered    
Wotu language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable    
Yoki language[1] Lower Mamberamo  Papua Severely endangered    

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2010). Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. Memory of Peoples (3rd ed.). Paris: UNESCO Publishing. ISBN 978-92-3-104096-2. Retrieved 2015-04-11.
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