List of Kurdish historical sites
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This article briefly introduces a list of Kurdish historical sites (Kurdish: Asewari mêjûyi Kurdan). Apart from Kurdish historical sites within Kurdistan, Kurdish sites outside of Kurdistan are also included.
Sites in Iran and Iranian Kurdistan
- Dar ul-Ihsan Mosque, Sanandaj, built in 1812 by Amanollah Khan Ardalan.[1]
- Khan Bathhouse, Sanandaj, built in 1805 by Amanollah Khan Ardalan.[2]
- Gheshlagh Bridge, Sanandaj, built in 1636 by Suleiman Khan Ardalan.[3]
- Khosro Abad Mansion, Sanandaj, built in 1808 by Amanollah Khan Ardalan.
- Kashkan Bridge, Lorestan Province, built in 1009 by Badr ibn Hasanwayh.
- Mofakham's House of Mirrors, Bojnord, built in the 1870s by the order of Sardar Mofkham
- Tagh-e Tavileh complex in Izeh, it was built by the Hazaraspid rulers in the Ilkhanate period.[4]
- Sardar Castle in Bukan, it was built by Aziz Khan Mokri in 1868.
- Dimdim Castle, West Azarbaijan Province.[5]
Sites in Iraqi Kurdistan
- Pira Delal
- Lalish Temple, Located in Nineveh, Iraq, the temple is considered a sacred place of worship for the Yezidi Kurds.
- Hawler Citadel
- Shamame Tower, Rawanduz, built by Muhammad Pasha of Soran in 1813 to guard Rawanduz.[6]
- Dere castle, Erbil, built in the 19th century by Muhammad Pasha of Soran.[7]
- Dwin Castle, said to have belonged[8] to the family of Sultan Saladin
- Sharfadin Temple in Sinjar, built over 800 years ago. It is considered by Yazidis as one of the holiest places on earth.[9]
- Xanzad Castle east of Erbil, it was built in the 16th century by Mir Xanzad.[10]
- Duhok Grand Mosque, built in 1684 by Abubakir Khwaja Muhammed Amedî.[11]
- Amedi minaret, built in the 16th century by Sultan Hussein Wali of Bahdinan.[12]
- Mîra graveyard, the Tombs and graves of members of the Bahdinan dynasty are located here.[12]
- Shirwanah Castle, Kalar, built by Mohamed Pasha Jaff. the castle is the ancestral home of the Jaff family.
Sites in Turkish Kurdistan
- Alaca bridge, built by the orders of Mir Muhammed Pır Bela in 1674.[13]
- Khan al-Barur in Harran, built by the Ayyubids in 1220.[14]
- Cemilpaşazade mansion, built in 1882.[15]
- Ishak Pasha Palace, construction started in 1685 by Colak Abdi Pasha and finished in 1785 under Ishak pasha.[16]
- Hoşap Castle in Güzelsu, built in 1649 by Sarı Süleyman Bey.
- Harran Castle, it is an ancient castle built by the Byzantines, but most of the present structure dates to the Ayyubids in 1200.
- Hoşap bridge, built in 1671 by Zeynel Bey Mahmudi.[17]
- Red madrasah in Cizre, built in 1501 by Mir Sharafkhan after he recaptured the city from the Aq Qoyunlu.[18]
- Broken minaret in Silvan, built in the 13th century during the Ayyubid rule.[19]
- Tekke mosque in Kilils, built by Canpolat bey in 1553.[20]
- El-rizk mosque in Hasankeyf, built in 1409 by the Emirate of Hasankeyf ruler Ebu’l Mefahir Süleyman.[21]
- Pira Dehderî Bridge, commissioned by Nizam al-Din and Muyyid al-Dawla in 1065.
- Manuchihr Mosque, a medieval mosque built by the Kurdish emirate of Shaddadids in Ani between 1072 and 1086.
Sites in Syria and Syrian Kurdistan
- Abu'l-Fida Mosque, erected in 1327 by Abulfeda, the Kurdish prince and governor of Hama.[22]
- Al-Adil's minaret in Maskanah, built in 1210 by the Ayyubids.[23]
- Beit Junblatt in Aleppo, built by Janbulad ibn Qasim al-Kurdi in the 16th century, it has the largest iwan in Aleppo.[24]
- Khan al-Arous in Qutayfa, built by Saladin in 1181-1182.[25]
- Al-Otrush Mosque in Aleppo, construction started under Mamluk emir Aqbogha al-Otrush Al-Hadhabani and finished in 1408 by his successor.[26]
- Al-Mujahidiyah Madrasa in Damascus, built in 1142 by Burid governor Mujahid al-Din bin Bazan bin Yammin al-Kurdi.[27]
- Bimaristan al-Qaymari in Damascus, built between 1248 and 1258 by Sayf al-Din Yusuf, a member of the Kurdish royal family Al-Qaymari.[28]
- Al-Muqaddamiyya madrasah in Aleppo, built by Zengid Kurdish commander Muhammad ibn al-Muqaddam in 1168. only the portal and some parts of the mosque, particularly the mihrab, remain.[29]
- Bab al-Maqam in Aleppo, built by Ayyubid emir Al-Aziz Muhammad in 1230.[30]
- Bab al-Ahmar, located in Aleppo, built during the reign of the Ayyubid emir of Aleppo al-Aziz Muhammad.
- Al-Adiliyah Madrasa, Damascus, 13th-century madrasah which was built by the Ayyubid Sultan Al-Adil I.[31]
- Citadel of Damascus, originally built by a turkman warlord, it was demolished and rebuilt completely by the Ayyubid Sultan Al-Adil between the years 1203-1216, the current citadel dates primarily to the Ayyubid period.[32]
- Citadel of Aleppo, ancient citadel which was greatly expanded under the Ayyubids. The majority of the citadel dates back to the reign of Al-Zahir Ghazi.[33]
- Nimrod Fortress, Mount Hermon, built by the Ayyubid sultan Al-Malik al-Aziz Uthman.[34]
References
- ^ "Archnet > Site > Masjid-i Jami' (Sanandaj)". www.archnet.org. Retrieved 2025-07-04.
- ^ "Qajar-era public bathhouse turns into traditional restaurant". Tehran Times. 2021-03-01. Retrieved 2025-07-04.
- ^ "پل قشلاق؛ غبار زمان بر چهرهی سازهای تاریخی - امرداد". amordadnews.com (in Persian). Retrieved 2025-07-04.
- ^ sinaadmin (2015-04-08). "گزارش تصویری و تحلیل فنی محوطه تاریخی طاق طویله". خبرگزاری سیناپرس (in Persian). Retrieved 2025-07-28.
- ^ "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2021-02-13.
- ^ ای گەورە بەناوی ئافرەتێکەوە کراون
- ^ Erbil's Dere Castle: A historic business hub
- ^ www.rudaw.net https://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/121120142. Retrieved 2021-02-04.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Shapiro, Ari (2015-02-13). "Outmanned And Outgunned, Fighters Defend Yazidi Shrine Against ISIS". NPR. Retrieved 2025-07-15.
- ^ "Khanzad (Banaman) Citadel | Unbelievable Kurdistan - Official Tourism Site of Kurdistan". bot.gov.krd. Retrieved 2021-02-03.
- ^ Duhok’s Great Mosque; a history of knowledge.
- ^ a b Discover Amedi: the ancient imperial city perched on a hilltop.
- ^ "Tarihi Alaca Köprü yıllara meydan okuyor". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2025-07-05.
- ^ "Eyyubiler Dönemi'ne ait 800 yıllık han müzeye dönüştürülecek". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2025-07-15.
- ^ Cemil Paşa Konağı'nın bir sakini olarak tarih.
- ^ Michiel Leezenberg, "Between Islamic Learning and Philological Nationalism: Mullah Mahmûdê Bayazîdî’s Auto-ethnography of the Kurds", 2020: "Since the seventeenth century, Bayazîd had been a sancak, or administrative unit, of the vilayet of Erzurum. It was governed by hereditary Kurdish rulers, who, among other achievements, in the eighteenth century had built the Ishak pasha palace."
- ^ "Archnet > Site > Hosap Köprüsü". www.archnet.org. Retrieved 2025-07-05.
- ^ Medreseya Sor a ku temenê wê 500 sal e careke din hat vekirin.
- ^ "Kültür Envanteri - Kırık Minare, Silvan". kulturenvanteri.com. 2024-05-08. Retrieved 2025-07-28.
- ^ "Kültür Envanteri - Canbolat Paşa Tekke Camii, Kilis". kulturenvanteri.com (in Turkish). 2020-03-19. Retrieved 2025-07-28.
- ^ "612-year-old Er Rızk Mosque restoration nears completion". Daily Sabah. 2021-08-02. Retrieved 2025-07-05.
- ^ حجازي, مجد. "أبو الفداء (جامع-)". موسوعة الآثار في سورية. Retrieved 2025-07-05.
- ^ "Minaret al-'Adil". www.archnet.org. Archived from the original on 2007-12-25. Retrieved 2025-07-15.
- ^ ""قصر جنبلاط".. وأكبر إيوان في "حلب"". www.esyria.sy (in Arabic). Retrieved 2025-07-15.
- ^ "Archnet > Site > Khan al-'Arus". www.archnet.org. Retrieved 2025-07-15.
- ^ "Archnet > Site > Jami' al-Utrush". www.archnet.org. Retrieved 2025-07-28.
- ^ "Archnet > Site > Madrasa al-Mujahidiyya al-Juwaniyya". www.archnet.org. Retrieved 2025-07-28.
- ^ "Archnet > Site > Bimaristan al-Qaymari". www.archnet.org. Retrieved 2025-07-15.
- ^ "Explore with MWNF". explore.museumwnf.org. Retrieved 2025-07-28.
- ^ "Archnet > Site > Bab al-Maqam". www.archnet.org. Retrieved 2025-07-15.
- ^ "Archnet > Site > Madrasa al-'Adiliyya". www.archnet.org. Retrieved 2025-07-05.
- ^ "Citadel of Damascus - Madain Project (en)". madainproject.com. Retrieved 2021-02-03.
- ^ "Citadel of Aleppo - Discover Islamic Art - Virtual Museum". islamicart.museumwnf.org. Retrieved 2025-07-05.
- ^ Margalit, Alon (2018-10-29). "Differential earthquake footprints on the masonry styles at Qal'at al-Subayba (Nimrod fortress) support the theory of its ancient origin". Heritage Science. 6 (1) 62: 1–13. doi:10.1186/s40494-018-0227-9. ISSN 2050-7445.