Ligilactobacillus ruminis
| Ligilactobacillus ruminis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | |
| Species: | L. ruminis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Ligilactobacillus ruminis (Sharpe et al. 1973) Zheng et al. 2020
| |
| Type strain | |
| ATCC 27780T = DSM 20403T = JCM 1149T | |
Ligilactobacillus ruminis is a species of Gram-positive, homofermentative, rod-shaped lactic acid bacteria in the genus Ligilactobacillus. First described from bovine rumen contents in 1973,[1] it has since been identified in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals.
Taxonomy
Originally classified as Lactobacillus ruminis, the species was reclassified to the genus Ligilactobacillus following a major taxonomic revision in 2020 that split the large polyphyletic genus Lactobacillus into multiple genera based on whole-genome phylogeny.[2]
Morphology and physiology
L. ruminis cells are rod-shaped and typically range from 2 to 4 μm in length. Most strains isolated from animals are motile due to the presence of peritrichous flagella, whereas human-derived strains are often non-motile.[3]
The species is strictly anaerobic and ferments sugars primarily to lactic acid. Its genome encodes stress resistance mechanisms and possible probiotic traits, including bile salt hydrolase and bacteriocin production.[4]
Ecology
L. ruminis is a natural inhabitant of the gut microbiota of several mammalian hosts, including cattle, pigs,[5] horses, and humans. Studies have shown host-associated phylogenetic clustering, with some strains more adapted to particular hosts.[3]
Probiotic potential
L. ruminis has attracted attention for potential use as a probiotic due to its ability to colonize the gut, produce lactic acid, resist bile and acid, and stimulate host immunity. Motility and flagellin expression may also confer competitive advantages in the intestinal environment.[3][4]
References
- ^ Sharpe, M.E.; Latham, M.J.; Garvie, E.I.; Zirngibl, J.; Kandler, O. (July 1973). "Two new species of Lactobacillus isolated from the bovine rumen, Lactobacillus ruminis sp. nov. and Lactobacillus vitulinus sp. nov". Journal of General Microbiology. 77 (1): 37–49. doi:10.1099/00221287-77-1-37. PMID 4723944.
- ^ Zheng, Jinshui; Wittouck, Stijn; Salvetti, Elisa; Franz, Charles M.A.P.; Harris, Hugh M.B.; Mattarelli, Paola (2020). "A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (4): 2782–2858. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004107. PMC 7132972. PMID 32248801.
- ^ a b c O'Donnell, Michelle M.; Harris, Hugh M.B.; Lynch, Denise B.; Ross, R. Paul; O'Toole, Paul W. (2015). "Lactobacillus ruminis strains cluster according to their mammalian gut source". BMC Microbiology. 15 (1) 80. doi:10.1186/s12866-015-0403-y. PMC 4392544. PMID 25886997.
- ^ a b Park, Soyeon; Park, Mi Ae; Jang, Hyun-Jun; Kim, Dae-Hyuk; Kim, Yangseon (2024). "Complete genome sequence of potential probiotic Ligilactobacillus ruminis CACC881 isolated from swine". Journal of Animal Science and Technology. 67: e50. doi:10.5187/jast.2024.e50.
- ^ Rahman, N.; McCullough, T.; Orozco, D.F.; Walkowiak, S.; Farzan, A.; Shekarriz, S.; Surette, M.G.; Cicek, N.; Derakhshani, H. (18 June 2025). "Genomic characterization of antimicrobial resistance and mobile genetic elements in swine gut bacteria isolated from a Canadian research farm". Animal Microbiome. 7 (1): 66. doi:10.1186/s42523-025-00432-w. PMC 12175345. PMID 40533851.