Lieutenant (Eastern Europe)

This article is about a lieutenant rank used in Slavophone countries. For the standard see Lieutenant.
Countries which use the Eastern European variant

The rank of poruchik (Russian: поручик; Czech: poručík; Slovak: poručík) or poruchnik (Serbo-Croatian: поручник, poručnik; Polish: porucznik; Slovene: poročnik; Ukrainian: поручник, poručnyk), translated to lieutenant, is used in Slavophone armed forces, depending on the country being either the lowest or second lowest officer rank.

Etymology

The rank designation poruchik might be derived from Russian: поpученец, lit. 'a person tasked by a special mission'; Russian: поручение, lit. 'assignment', 'commission' or Russian: поручить, lit. 'task to look after', 'charge with something'. Normally the poruchik received military orders in written form and was responsible to meet the particular goals and objectives anticipated.

Russia

Lieutenant insignia used by the Imperial Russian Army.

The Imperial Russian Army introduced this rank first in middle of the 17th century, by the Strelets so-called New Order Regiments , reflected in the Table of Ranks. A poruchik was normally assigned to assistant commanding officer of a company, later platoon. In 1798 this particular rank designation was replaced by lieutenant beginning with the Russian Guards, followed by other military units, and legalised by the Table of Ranks.

Serbia

See also: Military ranks of Serbia

The rank of poručnik was adopted by the Revolutionary Serbian Army at the end of the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13), alongside potporučnik and others.[1]

It was the third lowest commissioned officer rank in the Royal Serbian Army (1882–1918).[2]

It is today the second lowest commissioned officer rank in the Serbian Armed Forces.

Insignia

See also

References

  1. ^ Bodrožić 2022, p. 34.
  2. ^ Thomas, Nigel; Babac, Dusan (2001). Armies in the Balkans 1914–18. Men-at-Arms. Osprey Publishing. p. 39. ISBN 978-1841761947.
  3. ^ "OBILJEŽJA I ČINOVI OS BIH". os.mod.gov.ba (in Bosnian). Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  4. ^ "Oznake činova". osrh.hr (in Croatian). Republic of Croatia Armed Forces. 1 April 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Ranks". army.cz. Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. 2018. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  6. ^ "УРЕДБА ЗА ОЗНАКИТЕ ЗА УНИФОРМИТЕ НА АРМИЈАТА НА РЕПУБЛИКА СЕВЕРНА МАКЕДОНИЈА" [Regulation on the Markings for the Uniforms of the Army of the Republic Northern of Macedonia]. dejure.mk (in Macedonian). 12 November 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  7. ^ "IV. Izgled Činova u Vojsci". Official Gazette of Montenegro (in Montenegrin). 50/10: 22–28. 16 August 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  8. ^ "Sposób noszenia odznak stopni wojskowych na umundurowaniu wojsk Lądowych i sił Powietrznych" (PDF). wojsko-polskie.pl (in Polish). Armed Forces Support Inspectorate. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  9. ^ "ЧИНОВИ У ВОЈСЦИ СРБИЈЕ". vs.rs (in Serbian). Serbian Armed Forces. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  10. ^ "Označenie vojenských hodností príslušníkov Ozbrojených síl Slovenskej republiky od 1.1.2016" [Designation of military ranks of members of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic from 1.1.2016]. vhu.sk (in Slovak). Military History Institute. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  11. ^ "Čini in razredi". slovenskavojska.si (in Slovenian). Slovenian Armed Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.

Sources

  • Bodrožić, Đuro (2022). "Vojska i država: počeci moderne srpske vojske". Nacionalni interes. 44 (2): 29–46.
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