Huaylas Quechua
| Huaylas Quechua | |
|---|---|
| Nunashimi, Qichwa | |
| Native to | Peru |
Native speakers | 170,000 (2017)[1] |
Quechua
| |
| Dialects | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | qwh |
| Glottolog | huay1240 |
| ELP | Huaylas Quechua |
 Huaylas Quechua in Ancash | |
Huaylas Quechua is an Ancash Quechua dialect spoken in the Callejón de Huaylas and in the western slope of the Cordillera Negra.
The main peculiarities of this variety are phonetic. In Quechua Ancash-Huailas a phenomenon of monophthongation of syllables with semiconsonants in coda is present: "aw" is often pronounced as [oː] elongated, likewise "ay" as [eː]. For example, awmi is pronounced [oːmi], chawpi (center) [t͡ʃoːpi] and aywan (walks) as [eːwan]. In grammatical terms, Huaylas lacks the suffix -ski.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | sibilant | |||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | (ŋ) | ||||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t͡s | t͡ʂ | t͡ʃ | k | q |
| voiced | (b) | (d) | (ɡ) | |||||
| Fricative | (f) | s | ʃ | x | ||||
| Approximant | central | w | j | |||||
| lateral | l | ʎ | ||||||
| Tap/Trill | r | (ɽ) | ||||||
- Sounds /b, d, ɡ, f/ are heard from Spanish loanwords.
- /r/ may be heard as either a tap [ɾ] or a trill [r]. It is also heard as a retroflex tap [ɽ] when in final positions.
- /n/ is heard as velar [ŋ] when preceding other consonants, or in word-final position.
- /q/ may be heard as fricatives [χ] when in final-syllable position, and as voiced [ʁ] when in intervocalic or initial-syllable positions.
- /x/ may also be heard as glottal [h] in free variation.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i iː | u uː | |
| Mid | (e eː) | (o) oː | |
| Low | a aː |
- Diphthong sounds include /aj, uj, aw/.
- Sounds /i, u/ are heard as mid [e, o] when within the positions of a uvular /q/.
- A long mid [eː] is heard as a realization of a diphthong /aj/. [oː] is commonly heard as a realization of the diphthong /aw/.
Bibliography
- Menacho López, Leonel Alexander (2005). Yachakuqkunapa Shimi Qullqa: Anqash Qichwa Shimichaw. Lima: Ministerio de Educación de Perú. ISBN 9972-881-30-X.
- Parker, Gary (1976). Gramática quechua: Ancash-Huailas. Lima: Ministerio de Educación e Instituto de Estudios Peruanos.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
References
- ^ Huaylas Quechua at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
