Hotchkiss M1922 machine gun

M1922 machine gun
M1922 machine gun
	A Greek Hotchkiss M1922 chambered for 6.5 Greek at the Israel Defense Forces History Museum
Type	Light machine gun
Place of origin	France
Service history
In service	1922–1950s
Wars	List of wars: Rif War ; Constitutionalist Revolution ; Spanish Civil War ; Second Sino-Japanese War ; World War II ; Greco-Italian War ; First Indochina War ;
Production history
Designer	Hotchkiss et Cie
Manufacturer	Hotchkiss et Cie
Specifications
Mass	8.5 kg (18.74 lb)
Length	1,216 mm (47.87 in)
Barrel length	600 mm (23.62 in)
Cartridge	Several, including: 6.5×54mm (6.5 Greek) ; 7×57mm Mauser ; 7.5×54mm French ; 7.7×56mmR (.303 British) ; 7.92×57mm Mauser ; 8×50mmR Lebel ;
Action	Gas operated
Rate of fire	450 rounds/min
Feed system	20-round overhead box magazine; (Spanish pattern); 15-round feed strip; (Officially issued and produced); 24 to 30-round feed strip; (From "Hotchkiss M1914"); 30-round feed strip; (From "Hotchkiss M1909");
Sights	Iron

The Hotchkiss M1922 was a light machine gun manufactured by Hotchkiss.

It was never adopted in large numbers by the French Army; nevertheless, it was exported to many European and Latin American countries under the names Hotchkiss M1926 or Hotchkiss M1934.

Description

The Fusil-Mitrailleur (FM) Model 1922 is a classic weapon with a fixed stock, pistol grip, and wooden handguard. It has a non-telescopic folding bipod. Both the cocking handle and ejection port is located on the right side. The FM's caliber varied with the user, being chambered in a wide range of calibres and fed from either 20-round overhead magazines (Spanish model) or an 15-round feed strip^{[note 1]}. Its maximum range is 2,000 meters, and it had a regulator mechanism that would allow the user to adjust the rate of fire.

Use

Two Chinese soldiers using a Hotchkiss M1922 machine gun

The Hotchkiss M1922 was used with great success by the Greek Army during Greco-Italian War during the fight against the Royal Italian Army.^[4] It was also used by the Chinese Nationalist Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War to fight against the Japanese Imperial Army and was frequently used in the Spanish Civil War by the Nationalist and in small numbers, the Republicans.^[5]

Versions

There were several versions with different feed systems, calibers and improvements, among which were the Hotchkiss M1924 and M1926, the last of which spawned the Greek EYP Hotchkiss.^[6]

Users

Brazil — Model 1922 in 7mm Mauser^[7]
Czechoslovakia — Received 1000 M1924 (vz. 24) in 7.92mm Mauser^[8]
France — Mitrailleuse légère Hotchkiss type 1934, used in French Liban and French Indochina.^[9]
Greece — Hotchkiss Model 1926 chambered in 6.5mm Greek and 7.92mm Mauser,^[3] 6000 used.^[4]
China — Received ~3,500 in 7.92mm Mauser between 1931 and 1939^[3]^[10]
Spain — 3,000 Hotchkiss Model 1922 O.C. (Oviedo and A Coruña), in 7×57mm Mauser^[11]
Spanish Republic — From Spanish Army and Czechoslovakia^[1]
United Kingdom — .303 British, only for evaluation^[6]
Turkey — 7.92×57mm Mauser^[6]
Viet Minh — Used during First Indochina War^[12]

Notes

^ There's no evidence or general consensus on existence of production strips that were bigger 15 round. Hotchkiss M1922 can accept bigger strips from other Hotchkiss Machine Guns but there's no evidence provided if there were officially produced bigger strips for export models.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Fusil Ametrallador Hotchkiss Mod.1922". historiadelasarmasdefuego.blogspot.com (in Spanish). 13 March 2009.
^ Jowett, Philip (28 Jun 2018). Latin American Wars 1900–1941: "Banana Wars," Border Wars & Revolutions. Men-at-Arms 519. Osprey Publishing. p. 33. ISBN 9781472826282.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Hotchkiss Model 1922 light machine gun (France)". 2010-10-27. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
^ ^a ^b Athanassiou, Phoebus (2017). Armies of the Greek-Italian War 1940-41. Vol. Men-at-Arms 514. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. p. Weapons and personal equipment. ISBN 978-1-4728-1917-8.
^ Heinz, Leonard R. (10 December 2016). "Small Arms of the Spanish Civil War" (PDF). Retrieved 7 September 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c McCollum, Ian (May 24, 2013). "Hotchkiss M1922/24/26". Forgotten Weapons. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
^ McCollum, Ian (October 4, 2014). "Vintage Saturday: Pipe-Smoking Snakes". Forgotten Weapons.
^ "Francouzský kulomet Hotchkiss vz. 24" [French machine gun Hotchkiss vz. 24]. vhu.cz (in Czech). Vojenský historický ústav Praha.
^ http://atf40.1fr1.net/t6276-mitrailleuse-legere-hotchkiss-1934 Archived 2019-02-13 at the Wayback Machine
^ Shih, Bin (2018). China's Small Arms of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).
^ Howson, Gerald (1999). Arms for Spain: the untold story of the Spanish Civil War. St. Martin's Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0719555565.
^ Marina Berthier. La bataille de Na San Indochine : novembre-décembre 1952 (PDF) (Report) (in French). ECPAD Fonds Indochine. p. 8.

External links

[4] There's no evidence or general consensus on existence of production strips that were bigger 15 round. Hotchkiss M1922 can accept bigger strips from other Hotchkiss Machine Guns but there's no evidence provided if there were officially produced bigger strips for export models.

[armasdefuego-1] "Fusil Ametrallador Hotchkiss Mod.1922". historiadelasarmasdefuego.blogspot.com (in Spanish). 13 March 2009.

[2] Jowett, Philip (28 Jun 2018). Latin American Wars 1900–1941: "Banana Wars," Border Wars & Revolutions. Men-at-Arms 519. Osprey Publishing. p. 33. ISBN 9781472826282.

[Modern_Firearm-3] "Hotchkiss Model 1922 light machine gun (France)". 2010-10-27. Retrieved 31 October 2017.

[Greek-5] Athanassiou, Phoebus (2017). Armies of the Greek-Italian War 1940-41. Vol. Men-at-Arms 514. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. p. Weapons and personal equipment. ISBN 978-1-4728-1917-8.

[6] Heinz, Leonard R. (10 December 2016). "Small Arms of the Spanish Civil War" (PDF). Retrieved 7 September 2021.

[forgotten-7] McCollum, Ian (May 24, 2013). "Hotchkiss M1922/24/26". Forgotten Weapons. Retrieved 31 October 2017.

[8] McCollum, Ian (October 4, 2014). "Vintage Saturday: Pipe-Smoking Snakes". Forgotten Weapons.

[Czech-9] "Francouzský kulomet Hotchkiss vz. 24" [French machine gun Hotchkiss vz. 24]. vhu.cz (in Czech). Vojenský historický ústav Praha.

[10] ttp://atf40.1fr1.net/t6276-mitrailleuse-legere-hotchkiss-1934 Archived 2019-02-13 at the Wayback Machine

[Shih-11] Shih, Bin (2018). China's Small Arms of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).

[Spain-12] Howson, Gerald (1999). Arms for Spain: the untold story of the Spanish Civil War. St. Martin's Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0719555565.

[13] Marina Berthier. La bataille de Na San Indochine : novembre-décembre 1952 (PDF) (Report) (in French). ECPAD Fonds Indochine. p. 8.

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French infantry weapons of World War II (1939–1940)
Sidearms	MAB Model D pistol Modèle 1892 revolver Pistolet automatique modèle 1935A Pistolet automatique modèle 1935S Ruby pistol Star Model 14
Rifles and carbines	MAS-36 rifle Lebel Model 1886 rifle Berthier rifle
Submachine guns	Erma EMP MAS-38
Machine guns	FM 24/29 light machine gun St. Étienne Mle 1907 Hotchkiss M1909 Hotchkiss Mle 1914 machine gun Hotchkiss M1929 machine gun Chauchat
Mortars	Lance Grenades de 50 mm modèle 37 Brandt Mle 1935 Brandt Mle 27/31
Grenades	F1 grenade VB rifle grenade
Cartridges	8mm Lebel 7.5×54mm French .32 ACP .380 ACP 7.65mm Longue