Frederick Hotblack
Frederick Elliot Hotblack | |
|---|---|
 Major F E Hotblack, DSO, MC by William Orpen (1917) | |
| Nickname(s) | "Boots" |
| Born | 12 March 1887 Norwich, Norfolk, England[1] |
| Died | 8 January 1979 (aged 91) |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Branch | British Army |
| Years of service | 1914–1941[2] |
| Rank | Major-General |
| Service number | 15316 |
| Unit | Norfolk Regiment Intelligence Corps |
| Commands | 2nd Armoured Division (1939–40) |
| Battles / wars | First World War Second World War |
| Awards | Distinguished Service Order & Bar Military Cross & Bar Mentioned in Despatches Order of Saint Anna, 4th Class (Russia)[3] Knight of the Legion of Honour (France) |
Major-General Frederick Elliot Hotblack, DSO & Bar, MC & Bar (12 March 1887 – 9 January 1979) was a senior British Army officer who fought in the First World War as an early member of the Tank Corps (later the Royal Tank Regiment) and commanded the 2nd Armoured Division in the early part of the Second World War.
Military career
Hotblack was commissioned into the Norfolk Regiment in 1915 and served in the First World War as an intelligence officer in France before transferring to the then "Heavy Branch" of the Machine Gun Corps (later the Royal Tank Corps) in 1916. In November, while a temporary captain, he guided a tank to its objective by walking ahead of it despite enemy fire.[4] For this action he was awarded the DSO.[5] On the 23rd, he took control of infantry who had lost their officers and with tanks organised an attack – earning a Bar to his Distinguished Service Order.[6] The citation for his Bar, appearing in The London Gazette in July 1918, reads as follows:
For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty during an attack. He reorganised the infantry whose officers had become casualties, collected tanks, and succeeded in launching a fresh attack under heavy fire. He set a splendid example of courage and initiative on this and many other occasions.[7]
Hotblack took staff officer positions for the remainder of the war.[8] He was awarded the Military Cross for "conspicuous gallantry, initiative and devotion to duty" in September 1918. While assessing the front, he found a German position blocking the advance and organised two tanks into action against it, riding in one of them himself. Despite being injured during the attack, after the tanks were knocked out he got the wounded to safety and arranged infantry for a defence against a counterattack.[9]
After the war Hotblack attended the Staff College, Camberley, from 1920 to 1921,[1] and served in the War Office before becoming brigade major of 1st Rhine Brigade in 1921.[8] He was appointed an instructor at the Staff College in 1932, military attaché at the British Embassy in Berlin in 1935 and deputy director of Staff Duties at the War Office in 1937.[8] He served in Second World War on the General Staff of the British Expeditionary Force before becoming General Officer Commanding 2nd Armoured Division in 1939[10] and then, following an accident in April 1940, being invalided out of the army in 1941.[8][11]
References
- ^ a b Smart 2005, p. 160.
- ^ Tank Museum Medals
- ^ "No. 29275". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 August 1915. p. 8505.
- ^ Fletcher, D British Mark I Tank 1916. Osprey Publishing p33
- ^ "No. 29898". The London Gazette. 9 January 1917. p. 453.
- ^ Tales of Valour
- ^ "No. 30801". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 July 1918. p. 8438.
- ^ a b c d Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives
- ^ Tales of Valour MC
- ^ Generals.dk
- ^ Smart 2005, p. 161.
Bibliography
- Smart, Nick (2005). Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War. Barnesley: Pen & Sword. ISBN 1844150496.
Bibliography
- Biography Tank Museum, Bovington
- Generals of World War II