China Railways JS

JS 建设
JS-5001 at the Beijing Railway Museum
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder Dalian, Qishuyan, Datong, Beijing 7th Feb Works Model JS Build date 1957–1965, 1981–1988 Total produced 1,916[1][2][3]
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 2-8-2 Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) Driver dia. 1,370 mm (53.94 in) Minimum curve 145 m (476 ft) Wheelbase 4.419 m (14 ft 5.98 in) (fixed) 10.192 m (33 ft 5.3 in) (locoo) 20.487 m (67 ft 2.6 in) (total loco+tender) Length total: ≈23 m (75 ft 6 in) (loco + tender) Width 3.332 m (10 ft 11.18 in) Height ≈4.7 m (15 ft 5.04 in) Adhesive weight 79.78 t (78.52 long tons; 87.94 short tons) (adhesive weight) Loco weight ≈103 t (101 long tons; 114 short tons) (91.3 t (89.9 long tons; 100.6 short tons) empty) Tender weight 32 t (31.5 long tons; 35.3 short tons) (empty) Fuel type Coal Tender cap. 17 t (16.7 long tons; 18.7 short tons) (coal), 35 m3 (1,200 cu ft) (water) Firebox: ​  • Grate area 5.08 m2 (54.7 sq ft) Boiler pressure 15 atm (1,500 kPa; 220 psi) Cylinders Two, outside Cylinder size 580 mm × 710 mm (22.835 in × 27.953 in) bore x stroke Valve gear Walschaerts
Performance figures Maximum speed 85 km/h (53 mph) Power output 2,270 hp (1,690 kW) (at rail) Tractive effort ≈250 kN (56,000 lbf) (247.7 kN or 55,700 lbf,[1] 261.5 kN or 58,800 lbf[4])
Career Operators China Railway Boone and Scenic Valley Railroad Number in class 1,916 Numbers 5001–6135, 6201–6558, 8001–8423 Delivered 1957 First run 1957 Last run 15 January 2024 Preserved Twenty-nine Disposition Twenty-nine preserved (twenty-eight in China, one in USA), remainder scrapped
Sources:[4][5] except where noted

The China Railways JS (Chinese: 建设; pinyin: Jiàn Shè; lit. 'Construction or Development') are a type of 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotives, they were manufactured for use on mainline freight trains, as well as for heavy shunting.

The JS was developed at the Dalian Locomotive Works by combining the chassis of the China Railways JF with a new boiler.^[4][3][6] One thousand one hundred and thirty-five locomotives were produced from 1957 to 1965 at Dalian, Qishuyan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Works, Datong Locomotive Works, and the Beijing 7th Feb Works.^[5] Dalian and Qishuyan manufactured over one thousand.^[4][5]

A second tranche was produced from 1981 to 1988.^[3] Three hundred and fifty eight were manufactured by Datong from 1981 to 1986.^[3] Four hundred and thirty-four of a revised 'B' specification were manufactured from 1986 to 1988.^[3] The second tranche received numbers starting from 8001.^[1][2][3]

In total, one thousand nine hundred and sixteen JS locomotives of all types were produced.^[1][2]

In the late 1980s, the Boone and Scenic Valley Railroad of Iowa, USA, bought JS-8419 for $355,000.^[7]

On 25 April 2022, when Sandaoling discontinued their regular steam operations, they continued to use their JS classes as backups to their Diesel motive power.^[8]

The last JS class, JS-8089 that operated at Sandaoling, was retired from service on 15 January 2024, which officially ended all regular steam operations in China.^[9][10]

Locomotives produced from 1957 to 1965 were numbered JS-5001 to JS-6135. Starting at 5001 avoided overlapping the numbers of the various types of JF occupying the 1 - 4100 (approx) range. Locomotives produced at Datong in the early 1980s were numbered JS-6201 to JS-6558; after the introduction of the revised 'B' specification the locomotives were numbered JS-8001 to JS-8423. A small number of locomotives operating outside the scope of the ministry of railways (industrial railways) received different number designations.^[3]

• JS-5001: is preserved at the China Railway Museum^[11]
• JS-5003: is preserved at Shenyang Railway Museum
• JS-5039: is preserved at Beijing Exhibition Center
• JS-5301: is preserved at Taiyuan Locomotive Depot, Taiyuan Railway Bureau
• JS-5342: is preserved at Weifang Railway Station

• JS-6023: is preserved at China Tiesiju Civil Engineering Group Co., Ltd
• JS-6244: is preserved at Nanchang Fenghuangzhou Park (Now renamed JS-6289)
• JS-6499: is preserved at Hainan Railway Museum
• JS-6500: is preserved at Guangzhou Railway Museum^[12]
• JS-6532: is preserved at Nanjing Railway Vacational Technical College
• JS-6533: is preserved at Shandong Architecture University (Now renamed JS-5610)

• JS-8010: is preserved at Central South University (Now renamed JS-1953)
• JS-8024: is preserved at Jinhua Vocational Technical College
• JS-8077: is preserved at Zhengzhou Century Amusement Park (Now renamed JS-8001)
• JS-8145: is preserved at Xuhui Riverside Park, Shanghai
• JS-8239: is preserved at Gongchangling Iron, Liaoyang
• JS-8260: is preserved at Songhu Railway's Jiangwan Station Former Site, Shanghai
• JS-8284: is preserved at Liuzhou Railway Vacational Technical College^[13]
• JS-8297: is preserved at Nanxiang Power Locomotive Maintenance Base, Shanghai Railway Bureau
• JS-8316: is preserved at Yuanzhou District NO.6 Middle School, Guyuan
• JS-8325: is preserved at Tianjin Railway Vacational Technical College
• JS-8328: is preserved at Southwest Jiaotong University^[14]
• JS-8343: is preserved at Yantai Railway Station
• JS-8347: is preserved at Hangzhou Baita Park
• JS-8376: is preserved at Liuzhou Locomotive Depot, Nanning Railway Bureau (Now renamed JS-1939)^[15]
• JS-8401: is preserved at Hangzhou Jiangshu Railway Heritage Park
• JS-8406: is preserved at Hangzhou Paradise
• JS-8419: is operational at the Boone and Scenic Valley Railroad in Iowa, USA
• JS-8422: is preserved at Tianjin Binhai Xinjiayuan Railway Cultural Recreation Street^[16]

• 
  Boone and Scenic Valley Railroad's JS-8419
• 
  JS-5039 in Beijing Exhibition Center
• 
  JS-5151
• 
  JS-6500 at Guangzhou Railway Museum
• 
  JS-1953 in Central South University
• 
  Liuzhou Railway Vacational Technical College's JS-8284^[13]
• 
  JS-8376 in Liuzhou Locomotive Depot
• 
  JS-8347 in Hangzhou Baita Park

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