Canon EOS-1 (camera series)

Canon EOS-1 is a series of professional-grade system cameras produced by Canon as part of the EOS brand. In 1989, Canon released a single lens reflex camera, the EOS-1. It utilized new technologies not found in the earlier EOS-650 in a professional level body. Its characteristics are still found today in more recent versions of its series. Numerous accessories were also available to improve performance and battery life.

In November 1994, Canon released the EOS-1N. It is a 35mm focal-plane shutter single lens reflex camera.^[1] This model introduced a new autofocus configuration with five focusing points. Each can detect contrast both vertically and horizontally either automatically or manually rather than one point that was provided by the Canon EOS-1.

Six years later, Canon released the EOS-1V, which took upon a new design and enhanced features of previous EOS-1 series cameras. It featured a 45 point autofocus, new AF-assist points that could detect movement of subjects throughout the frame, and automatically change between AF points. The EOS-1V was the first EOS-1 series camera to use the E-TTL flash metering system.

Following the EOS-1V, in 2001 Canon released the EOS-1D, the first digital EOS-1 camera body. The EOS-1D featured a 4.1-megapixel APS-H sized CCD sensor, rather than a roll of 35 mm film. It was also different in form, as it was Canon's first in-house professional camera. Canon later released the EOS-1Ds, a variant of the EOS-1D with a larger and higher-resolution 11-megapixel full-frame equivalent CMOS sensor.^[2] Additionally, these cameras are equipped with two autofocus modes and an additional ability of manual focus.

Canon later released both the EOS-1D Mark II and EOS-1Ds Mark II revisions of the EOS-1D and EOS-1Ds respectively. Compared to their predecessors, both had higher resolution CMOS sensors, wireless capability (with an external transmitter), and an additional card slot. Later Canon also released the EOS-1D Mark II N, which offered additional improvements: a slightly larger screen, a marginally faster burst rate, and an improved version of E-TTL flash metering system, known as E-TTL II.

In 2007, Canon released the next iterations of the EOS-1D and EOS-1Ds, the EOS-1D Mark III and EOS-1Ds Mark III. Both cameras offered a new, much larger and higher resolution LCD monitor, Ethernet compatibility, and a new autofocus system. The EOS-1D featured improved burst shooting capabilities, while the new 1Ds had a higher resolution 21-megapixel sensor. The primary new feature of both cameras was the addition of a live view system. Using Live view, users could see a live preview of the composition, exposure, focus, and the image itself from the 3-inch LCD.

In October 2009, Canon introduced the EOS-1D Mark IV, succeeding the Canon EOS-1D Mark III. This camera featured two major additions: all the 39 cross-type AF points were now user-selectable, and the camera now featured a video recording mode. Additionally, the camera's maximum film speed had been improved to ISO 12800. The EOS-1D Mark IV was the final APS-H camera in the EOS-1 series. The EOS-1Ds did not receive a Mark IV revision, as Canon planned to replace it with a redeveloped full-frame camera.

In 2012, Canon merged the EOS-1D and EOS-1Ds lines into one with the EOS-1D X, which featured the sensor size of the EOS-1Ds Mark III combined with the fast burst shooting speed of the EOS-1D Mark IV. Canon also released the EOS-1D C, a cinema orientated camera that offered 4K video with a 10bit 4:2:2 color space and Canon Log capabilities, but it never sold well due to its high price point & form factor that was not suited for professional video use.

In 2016, Canon released the EOS-1D X Mark II to succeed the EOS-1D X. The camera featured a significantly larger burst shooting buffer capable of storing 170 RAW images in a row (when using 'CFast' 2.0 cards) and unlimited fine JPEGs. It also featured a new autofocus system—Dual-Pixel CMOS AF—and 4K60 DCI recording.

In early 2020, Canon released the final digital single-lens reflex camera in the EOS-1 series, the EOS-1D X Mark III.^[3] This camera offered an all new autofocus system, HEIF image recording, 5.5K RAW video, and improved burst capabilities.