Brown University Health

Brown University Health
AbbreviationBrown Health
Named afterBrown University
PredecessorLifespan (1994–2024)
Formation1994 (1994)
TypeNot-for-profit health system
HeadquartersProvidence, Rhode Island, United States
Region served
Rhode Island; southeastern Massachusetts
Services
  • Acute care
  • Behavioral health
  • Outpatient care
  • Physician practice management
President and CEO
John Fernandez
Chair of the board
Lawrence Aubin Sr.
Subsidiaries
AffiliationsWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
RevenueUS$3.53 billion Increase (+13.3%)[1] (2024)
ExpensesUS$3.47 billion Increase (+13.5%)[1] (2024)
Staff~20,000 (2025)
Websitewww.brownhealth.org

Brown University Health (formerly Lifespan) is a not-for-profit, academic health system headquartered in Providence, Rhode Island. Created in 1994 by the affiliation of Rhode Island Hospital and The Miriam Hospital, it operates an integrated network of hospitals, outpatient centers, and physician practices serving Rhode Island and southeastern Massachusetts. The system is the principal teaching affiliate of the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University.[2][3]

In June 2024, Brown University and the system announced expanded affiliation agreements under which Lifespan would rebrand as Brown University Health (commonly "Brown Health"), accompanied by a $150 million university investment over seven years and governance changes; the public-facing rebrand began in October 2024. Both organizations remain separate and independent entities.[4][3][5]

In 2024 the system broadened its regional footprint when it acquired Saint Anne’s Hospital in Fall River and Morton Hospital in Taunton from Steward Health Care, returning both to nonprofit status under newly formed Massachusetts subsidiaries.[6][5]

History

The system was founded in 1994 as Lifespan through the affiliation of Rhode Island Hospital and The Miriam Hospital, creating Rhode Island's first integrated hospital network.[2][7] In 1996 Bradley Hospital, a psychiatric hospital for children and adolescents, joined the system (effective March 12, 1996), followed by Newport Hospital in 1997 (effective January 15, 1997).[8][9]

Affiliations and disaffiliation (1997–2002)

In 1997 New England Medical Center (now Tufts Medical Center) in Boston affiliated with Lifespan; the relationship ended in 2002. Subsequent litigation in federal court described the affiliation as "brief and unsuccessful," ultimately resulting in judgments addressing both parties' claims arising from the disaffiliation agreement and fiduciary duties of the parent to a member hospital.[10][11][12]

Growth, governance, and information systems (2010s)

In 2012 the system consolidated governance by merging separate hospital boards into a single Lifespan board of directors.[13] Lifespan Physician Group, the system's employed multi-specialty practice, was established in 2012.[14] The system went live on an Epic electronic health record branded "LifeChart" in April 2015, introducing the MyLifespan patient portal to unify records across hospitals and clinics.[15][16] Coastal Medical, which joined the system in 2021, migrated onto the Epic platform in February 2024 as part of system-wide integration.[17][18]

COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021)

In late 2020 Rhode Island converted the Rhode Island Convention Center into a 600-bed alternate hospital site operated by Lifespan to expand inpatient capacity during COVID-19 surges, while a second site in Cranston was run by Care New England.[19][20] On December 14, 2020, Lifespan received its first shipment of approximately 3,000 doses of the Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine and began vaccinating high-risk front-line workers at its hospitals.[21][22]

Merger discussions with Care New England (2017–2022)

After Boston-based Partners HealthCare (now Mass General Brigham) sought to acquire Care New England Health System in 2017, Brown University publicly opposed the proposal in January 2018 and supported a locally governed alternative.[23] Partners withdrew in 2019 as Care New England reopened talks with Lifespan and Brown about an integrated academic health system.[24] A formal Lifespan–CNE merger proposal backed by Brown advanced in 2021 but was blocked in February 2022 by the Rhode Island Attorney General; the Federal Trade Commission also initiated an administrative complaint and sought a preliminary injunction in federal court.[25][26][27]

Leadership changes (2022–2023)

Timothy J. Babineau stepped down as president and CEO effective May 31, 2022.[28][29] John Fernandez, previously president of Mass Eye and Ear and of Mass General Brigham Integrated Care, was appointed Lifespan's fourth president and CEO in November 2022 and assumed the role in early 2023.[6]

Rebranding and regional expansion (2024–present)

On June 20, 2024, Brown University and Lifespan announced expanded affiliation agreements under which the system would rebrand as Brown University Health (commonly "Brown Health"). The agreements included a $150 million Brown University investment over seven years, after which the system will make ongoing $15 million annual investments to the Warren Alpert Medical School; Brown's Investment Office would also manage approximately $600–$800 million of Lifespan's investment portfolio. Governance terms designated the medical school dean as the system's chief academic officer and made the Brown University president and the dean ex officio members of the health-system board. Both organizations remained separate and independent entities not undergoing a corporate merger.[4][30] The public-facing rebrand rolled out in mid-October 2024, with updated website, signage, and digital assets.[31]

As part of Massachusetts' transition plan following Steward Health Care's bankruptcy, state officials announced on August 29, 2024, that Lifespan would acquire Saint Anne’s Hospital (Fall River) and Morton Hospital (Taunton). A Massachusetts bankruptcy court approved the sales in early September; operations transferred on October 1, 2024, to newly formed nonprofit subsidiaries (Lifespan of Massachusetts).[32][33][34][5] Public documents indicated an aggregate purchase price of $175 million, with additional short-term operational support arrangements during the transition; the new owner stated it had no immediate plans to change existing services at closing.[35][36][37]

Organization

Brown University Health is organized as a regional academic health system made up of hospitals, specialty facilities, and affiliated physician groups in Rhode Island and southeastern Massachusetts. Member institutions include:[2]

  • Rhode Island Hospital – a 719-bed tertiary care hospital in Providence and the principal teaching hospital of the Alpert Medical School; services include the state's only Level I trauma center and accredited burn center and a Joint Commission–certified Comprehensive Stroke Center.[38][39][40]
  • Hasbro Children's Hospital – an 87-bed pediatric hospital co-located with Rhode Island Hospital; verified by the American College of Surgeons as a Level I pediatric trauma center and home to the region's only dedicated pediatric emergency department (about 60,000 visits/year).[41][42][43]
  • The Miriam Hospital – a 247-bed hospital in Providence, recognized seven consecutive times by the Magnet Recognition Program for nursing excellence (most recently December 2024).[44]
  • Bradley Hospital – a 70-bed psychiatric hospital for children and adolescents in East Providence, founded in 1931 and recognized as the nation's first psychiatric hospital devoted exclusively to children.[45][46]
  • Newport Hospital – a 129-bed community hospital in Newport; its Noreen Stonor Drexel Birthing Center holds Baby-Friendly designation from the World Health Organization and UNICEF.[47][48][49]
  • Saint Anne’s Hospital – a 196-bed Catholic hospital in Fall River founded in 1906 by the Dominican Sisters of the Presentation; joined the system in October 2024 when Brown University Health (then Lifespan) acquired Saint Anne's and Morton Hospitals from Steward Health Care. The ICU has received Beacon Award recognition from the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.[50][5][51]
  • Morton Hospital – a 144-bed acute care community hospital in Taunton offering emergency care, imaging, wound care, and a range of surgical services; acquired alongside Saint Anne's in October 2024.[52][53][5]
  • Gateway Healthcare – Rhode Island's largest nonprofit behavioral health provider, with statewide outpatient, residential, and community-based programs; affiliates include FRIENDS WAY (bereavement support), The Autism Project, and Capital City Community Centers.[54][55]
  • Brown Health Medical Group – a large multi-specialty physician practice network with 1,000+ providers across Rhode Island and southeastern Massachusetts; care is integrated on a single Epic electronic health record (LifeChart) with patient access via MyChart.[56][57][58]

Education and research

Brown University Health is the exclusive teaching affiliate of the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Rhode Island Hospital is designated the principal teaching hospital; The Miriam Hospital and Bradley Hospital are major teaching affiliates; and Newport Hospital is a community teaching affiliate.[3][4] The hospitals serve as primary clinical sites for approximately 175 third- and fourth-year Brown medical students each year.[59] Across Brown's seven affiliated teaching hospitals, the medical school reports "more than 100" residency and fellowship programs and (as of 2025) about 706 residents and 77 fellowship programs in total.[60][61]

Educational infrastructure includes the Brown University Health Medical Simulation Center, a ~4,200-square-foot facility in the Coro Center (Providence) used by medical students, residents, nurses, and EMS personnel for team-based and procedural training; pediatric emergency medicine faculty co-lead simulation activities system-wide.[62][63][43]

The system reported about $145 million in external research funding in 2023.[64] In fiscal year 2024, "research funding revenue" totaled $154.5 million system-wide, with Rhode Island Hospital, The Miriam Hospital, and Bradley Hospital each reporting research revenues in their institutional summaries.[65] Research support resources include the Brown University Health Clinical Research Center in the Coro complex and the BERDI (Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Research Design, and Informatics) core, which provide study coordination, regulatory assistance, data management, and analytic support for clinical trials and translational projects.[66][67] Brown University Health is a partner in the statewide Advance RI-CTR consortium (NIH IDeA-CTR), which funds pilots and expands clinical and translational research capacity across Rhode Island.[68][69]

Major research and clinical centers include:

  • Cancer Institute, which coordinates oncology services and clinical trials across hospitals.[5][70]
  • Cardiovascular Institute, integrating cardiology and cardiac surgery programs and serving as a hub for cardiovascular clinical trials.[71]
  • Orthopedics Institute, combining orthopedic services across multiple hospitals, including high-volume joint programs and subspecialty services.[72]
  • Norman Prince Neurosciences Institute, a consortium of hospitals and Brown University advancing neurology, neurosurgery, and behavioral health research and education.[73]
  • Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, focused on child and adolescent health, development, and mental health research.[74]

Clinical services and quality

Brown University Health provides tertiary and quaternary services concentrated at Rhode Island Hospital, Hasbro Children's Hospital, and The Miriam Hospital, with community and specialty care at Newport Hospital, Saint Anne's Hospital, and Morton Hospital. Its institutes organize many system programs, including the Norman Prince Neurosciences Institute, Cardiovascular Institute, Orthopedics Institute, and Cancer Institute.[75]

Trauma, burn, and pediatric emergency care

Rhode Island Hospital is verified by the American College of Surgeons (ACS) as a Level I trauma center with adult and pediatric capability and serves as the region's only Level I center; Hasbro Children's Hospital on the same campus is verified by ACS as a Level I pediatric trauma center.[39][76][77] The Rhode Island Burn Center is the state's accredited burn program, verified through the joint American Burn Association/ACS verification program; pediatric burn care is provided in coordination with Hasbro Children's Hospital.[78][79] Hasbro Children's operates the region's only dedicated pediatric emergency department, with nearly 60,000 visits annually. The department has 24 private treatment rooms, a critical care bay, a rapid assessment unit, and a six-bed observation unit, and is the primary pediatric emergency medicine teaching site for Brown University programs.[43]

Neurosciences and stroke

Rhode Island Hospital is the only Comprehensive Stroke Center in Rhode Island, designated by The Joint Commission and most recently recertified on 20 February 2025.[80][81] Stroke services include a 20-bed stroke unit, an 18-bed neurocritical care unit, and a dedicated TIA evaluation unit in the emergency department, with 24/7 neurointerventional coverage.[6] It has been recognized with American Heart Association/Get With The Guidelines–Stroke Gold Plus and associated honor rolls.[6]

Heart and vascular care

The Valve and Structural Heart Program provides catheter-enabled and surgical therapies including transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), transcatheter mitral repair (MitraClip), transcatheter tricuspid repair, and left atrial appendage occlusion (Watchman).[82] Program outcomes note more than 1,600 TAVR procedures since 2014, over 500 Watchman implants since 2017, and more than 160 MitraClip procedures, with active participation in multicenter clinical trials.[83]

Transplant and critical care

Established in 1997, the Rhode Island Transplant Center performs adult and pediatric kidney transplantation and maintains a living donor program.[84][85] The program describes itself as the state's transplant hospital and publicly reports outcomes through the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients.[86][87] The extracorporeal life support (ECMO) program spanning Rhode Island Hospital and Hasbro Children's has received the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Gold Award of Excellence for 2025–2027.[88]

Cancer care

The Brown University Health Cancer Institute coordinates oncology services, clinical trials, and supportive care across the system and is certified by the American Society of Clinical Oncology's Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI) program.[5][89] Subspecialty programs include thoracic, gastrointestinal, breast, and genitourinary oncology centers, many of which note QOPI certification.[90]

Orthopedics and joint replacement

The Total Joint Center at The Miriam Hospital holds The Joint Commission's Advanced Certification in Total Hip and Total Knee Replacement and reported its fourth consecutive advanced certification in 2023.[91] Newport Hospital's joint program earned the same advanced certification in 2024.[92][93]

Metabolic and bariatric surgery

In 2024, the Center for Medical and Surgical Weight Loss (a program of Rhode Island and The Miriam hospitals) was re-accredited by the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) as a Comprehensive Center with Adolescent and Obesity Medicine qualifications.[94][95][96]

Awards and ratings

The Miriam Hospital received its seventh consecutive Magnet designation from the American Nurses Credentialing Center in December 2024.[44] Newport Hospital earned its fifth consecutive Magnet recognition in July 2024 and received an "A" Hospital Safety Grade from the Leapfrog Group in fall 2024 and spring 2025.[97] Intensive care units at Rhode Island Hospital have received Beacon Awards for Excellence from the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, including a four-year Silver Beacon for the medical ICU in 2023.[98] In spring 2025, Rhode Island Hospital, The Miriam Hospital, Newport Hospital, and Saint Anne's Hospital all received "A" grades from the Leapfrog Group.[99]

Community engagement

Brown University Health carries out community-facing programs primarily through the Community Health Institute (CHI), which coordinates "hundreds of programs, events and community service activities" serving roughly 25,000–30,000 southern New England residents annually.[100] The system also publishes triennial community health needs assessments (CHNAs) and implementation strategies for each hospital.[101]

CHI delivers prevention, screening, and immunization services in community settings. Offerings include semiannual "WomanCare" clinics (pelvic exam, Pap test, clinical breast exam, and mammography for eligible uninsured/low-income women), navigation for colorectal cancer screening (including distribution of at-home FIT kits and help with transportation and scheduling), adult flu clinics in partnership with the Rhode Island Department of Health, and recurring blood pressure and glucose screenings. It also runs free melanoma "Skin Check" events with state and community partners.[102]

Skill-building programs emphasize healthy living and nutrition. The free, yearlong Diabetes Prevention Program uses a CDC-approved curriculum in English and Spanish and combines weekly group sessions (at least 16 in six months) with six months of follow-up; supports may include childcare and transportation assistance (as funding allows) and participant incentives.[103] CHI also uses a community demonstration kitchen and other sites to deliver cooking and nutrition education (e.g., the free "A Taste of African Heritage" series).[104]

Programs addressing social determinants of health include Connect for Health (C4H), which screens for health-related social needs (food, heating assistance, clothing, etc.) and provides navigation to community resources, and the system-affiliated Center for Health and Justice Transformation (CHJT), which advances equitable access to care for justice-involved populations.[105][106]

Youth engagement and workforce-pipeline efforts span classroom and workplace experiences. CHI's youth menu includes Tar Wars (tobacco and vaping prevention for fifth graders), the nationally recognized Gold-level Safe Sitter course (CPR/choking rescue, first aid, sitter safety), a structured mentoring program with partner schools in Providence and Newport, Power Lunch reading mentorship at a Providence elementary school, and a "Job Shadow Day" at The Miriam Hospital.[107] System-wide workforce development also includes a paid Summer Youth Employment program for teens aged 16–19 across hospitals and corporate services.[108]

Environmental stewardship activities are coordinated through hospital "Green Teams," which support recycling, composting, energy-savings projects, and related initiatives; earlier system materials describe the "Greenways" platform used to organize volunteer-driven sustainability efforts.[109][110]

In fiscal year 2024, Brown University Health reported total charity care and other community benefits of $277.5 million (in thousands), including $36.1 million in charity care, $47.9 million in unreimbursed Medicaid costs, $54.9 million in subsidized health services, and $1.7 million for community health improvement services and operations, as reflected in the system's statistical digest.[111]

Governance

Brown University Health is a private nonprofit whose parent, Lifespan Corporation, is governed by a board of directors. Under the system's governance structure, the system hospitals (Rhode Island Hospital, The Miriam Hospital, Bradley Hospital, and Newport Hospital) have "mirror" boards composed of the same individuals who serve on Lifespan Corporation's board; boards of other affiliates are elected by Lifespan or by another affiliate it controls.[112]

In 2024, new affiliation agreements with Brown University designated the dean of the Warren Alpert Medical School as the system's chief academic officer and made the Brown president and the dean ex officio members of the board, while preserving the parties' separate corporate status.[4][3]

As of as of August 2025, the board is chaired by Lawrence Aubin Sr., with Alan Litwin as vice chair; the membership includes Brown University President Christina H. Paxson and medical school dean Mukesh K. Jain as ex officio members.[113] In June 2025, the system announced that director Samuel M. Mencoff would become chair effective December 9, 2025.[114] The system is led by president and chief executive officer John Fernandez, appointed in November 2022 and taking office in early 2023.[6][115]

The system's employed-physician network, Brown Health Medical Group, is governed by a separate board of trustees.[116]

Several affiliates now organized under (formerly the Lifespan system) have been the subject of notable regulatory actions, settlements, and court cases.

Wrong-site and other surgical errors (2007–2010)

In 2007, the Rhode Island Department of Health fined Rhode Island Hospital US$50,000 and issued a reprimand after three wrong-side brain surgeries occurred at the hospital that year; media reports at the time described one case in which the surgical team began the craniotomy on the incorrect side before correcting the error, and another patient who died weeks after a similar mistake in August 2007.[117][118]

Following additional events, including a 2009 case in which surgery was performed on the wrong finger, the state imposed a US$150,000 fine and ordered the hospital to install video cameras in all operating rooms, to conduct random observational audits, and to ensure the operating surgeon personally participated in site-marking and “time-out” procedures.[119][120]

In 2010 the Rhode Island Department of Health announced a US$300,000 fine—its third and largest against the hospital—after a neurosurgical drill bit fragment was left in a patient’s skull; regulators cited a “troubling pattern” of failures to follow established policies and coordinated with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services on a full survey.[121][122]

False Claims Act settlement (2012)

In February 2012, Rhode Island Hospital agreed to pay US$5.3 million to resolve allegations that it billed federal health programs for medically unnecessary overnight admissions following stereotactic radiosurgery (“Gamma Knife”) procedures during 2004–2009. The settlement followed an investigation by the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Rhode Island, Office of Inspector General, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and the FBI and covered approximately 260 patients.[123]

HIPAA enforcement action (2020)

On July 27, 2020, the U.S. Office for Civil Rights announced that Lifespan’s Affiliated Covered Entity would pay US$1,040,000 and implement a corrective action plan to settle potential violations of the HIPAA Privacy and Security Rules arising from the theft of an unencrypted laptop containing protected health information.[124]

Affiliation litigation with Tufts/New England Medical Center (2010–2011)

Lifespan’s brief 1997–2002 affiliation with New England Medical Center (NEMC) led to extensive litigation over disaffiliation payments, overhead allocations, and contracting. In July 2010, the U.S. District Court for the District of Rhode Island granted partial summary judgment that Lifespan owed a fiduciary duty to NEMC under Massachusetts law, citing the “faith, confidence, and trust” placed in Lifespan’s judgment while it controlled the nonprofit hospital.[125] After a bench trial, the court’s May 24, 2011 findings and rulings again affirmed the fiduciary duty and found specific breaches in payor contracting and related matters; subsequent orders reflected roughly offsetting monetary awards of about US$14 million to each side on their respective claims and counterclaims (including the Massachusetts Attorney General’s fiduciary claim on behalf of NEMC).[126][127]

Malpractice verdicts (2015, 2017)

In April 2015, a Providence County jury awarded US$25.6 million to a patient who suffered permanent brain injury after a head trauma evaluation; the hospital acknowledged staff failures in required neuro-checks and communication. Media accounts reported it as then the largest negligence verdict in Rhode Island history.[128][129] In September 2017, a Superior Court jury awarded US$40 million (US$61.6 million with statutory interest) to a patient who underwent an above-knee amputation after being kept off anticoagulation; attorneys described the result as a record award in the state.[130]

Attempted merger with Care New England blocked (2022)

On February 17, 2022, the Federal Trade Commission and the Rhode Island Attorney General moved to block the proposed merger of Lifespan and Care New England, alleging the combination would lessen competition and allow the combined system to control at least 70% of the state market for inpatient general acute care and inpatient behavioral health services.[131][132] On March 2, 2022, the parties terminated the deal; the Federal Trade Commission issued a statement characterizing the abandonment as a win for patients and consumers.[133]

See also

References

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  • Official websites in thousands) ... Charity care 36,128; Medical education, net 120,749; Research 16,208; Subsidized health services 54,862; Community health improvement services and community benefit operations 1,677; Unreimbursed Medicaid costs 47,916; Total cost of charity care and other community benefits 277,540.}}</ref>
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