Boluk-bashi

Janissary boluk-bashi (1780).

Boluk-bashi (Ottoman Turkish: بولق باشی, Turkish: bölükbaşı, "head of [infantry] company, company captain") was an Ottoman officer rank equivalent to captain. It was replaced in the 19th century by the rank of yüzbaşı.


Etymology

The word is made up of two elements, bölük ("division, group of troops", from böl, "to separate") and baş ("head").[1] It entered into Balkan languages such as Albanian: bylykbashi and Serbo-Croatian: buljubaša.

Usage

Ottoman Empire

See also: Military of the Ottoman Empire

The bölükbaşı was an Ottoman officer rank equivalent to captain. It was used in the Janissary corps during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (r. 1520–66).[2] In the 17th century the holder was in command of a bölük, a sub-division of a regiment.[3] During the Ottoman Old Regime (1703–89) the rank translated into "captain of a squadron", commanding a bölük of the sipahi and silahdar cavalry.[4]

It was higher than oda-bashi (lieutenant). The Ottoman reforms of Tanzimat (1839–76) saw the bölük being a company of hundred men (yüz meaning "hundred") under the commanding rank of yüzbaşı (also translated as "captain").[5]

Serbs

The rank of buljubaša (Serbian Cyrillic: буљубаша) or buljukbaša (буљукбаша) was used by the Serbian hajduks for the commanders of a brigand četa ("company"). Among notable hajduks holding the rank that were murdered by the Dahije (renegade Janissaries) in the Slaughter of the Knezes[6] were Janko Gagić, Gavrilo Buđevac and Mata from Lipovac.[7] It then entered the ranks of the Revolutionary Serbian Army in the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13) as the equivalent of kapetan ("captain").[8] Among notable holders were Arsenije Loma, Todor Bojinović, Zeka Buljubaša, Hajduk-Veljko and Petar Dobrnjac.

Royal Corps of Colonial Troops

In the Royal Corps of Colonial Troops of the Italian Royal Army, it was known as bulucbasci and was the equivalent to the rank of sergeant.

Notable people

See also

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References

  1. ^ E. J. Brill 1970, pp. 740–741.
  2. ^ The government of the Ottoman Empire in the time of Suleiman the Magnificent (1913) at the Internet Archive
  3. ^ Charles L. Wilkins (2010). Forging Urban Solidarities: Ottoman Aleppo 1640-1700. BRILL. p. 293. ISBN 978-90-04-16907-4.
  4. ^ E. J. Brill 1970, p. 741.
  5. ^ E. J. Brill 1970, p. 740.
  6. ^ Novaković 1904, p. 55.
  7. ^ Gavrilović 1904, pp. 23, 27.
  8. ^ Bodrožić 2022, p. 32.

Sources

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